English

Abstract

STRUCTURED ABSTRACT: The pregnancy is associated with profound dental biological processes as a result of hormonal interactions within the mother’s body, which result in both reversible and irreversible dental changes. The periodontal disease is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. Increased public awareness, health education and medical intervention can improve the maternal and fetal outcome. The cohort study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Integral institute of medical sciences and research, Lucknow from January 2012 to February 2014, for the period of 2 year. The objective was to study the relationship between pregnancy, gingivitis, dental caries and periodontal disease. METHODS: The cohort study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Integral institute of medical sciences and research, Lucknow from January 2012 to February 2014, for the period of 2 year. The dental health status of 1200 antenatal cases were studied. The prevalence of gingivitis, dental caries and periodontal disease and the relationship with pregnancy was studied. RESULT: The oral hygiene was a significant determining factor in the disease process. The antenatal cases with poor oral hygiene were 2.5 times more likely to have dental caries. OR 0.0138, 95% CI (0.0033 to 0.0570) Z statistic 5.908, P<0.0001.The antenatal cases with poor oral hygiene were 20times more likely to have gingivitis. OR 0.0045, 95% CI (0.0006-0.0365) Z statistic 5.077, P<0.0001. In the study the prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal disease were 90%, 98% and 90.33% respectively. The oral disease process was characteristically noticed in the second trimester and/or pre-existing disease got