Abstract
Stimulating bone production may be applied to the management of fractures, non-unions, and osteomyelitis. Hydroxyapatite is compatible and osteoconductive for bone regeneration. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of osteoinductive activity of xenogenic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in combination with osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) in osseous location. Twenty four adult New Zealand white rabbits (male, weight: 2.5 to 3.0 kg) were randomly divided into four groups. All rabbits were anesthetized with intramuscular administration of ketamin and xylazine. After preparing the operation site, the right radius was exposed, and a full thickness 5 mm defect was created in the mid-diaphyseal region. The defects were filled with DBM and hydroxyapatite in Group I, DBM in Group II, hydroxyapatite in Group III and Group IV was considered as a control group. The formation and healing of bone were determined by histological and mechanical analysis during 8 weeks. Implantation of combination of DBM and hydroxyapatite yielded significant (p < 0.05) bone formation resulting in histological, and mechanical evidence of union compared to other groups. The second group which received DBM showed better bone healing compared to the third group. No instances of union were observed in the hydroxyapatite and control groups. Our results suggest that bovine DBM may be more useful in combination with hydroxyapatite as a therapeutic adjuvant in clinical situations when local formation of bone is needed. Key words: Demineralized bone matrix, coralline hydroxyapatite, bone healing, rabbit.
Highlights
Over the last decades, a great deal of research has focused on therapies for enhancing bone repair (Alper et al, 1989)
Autogenous bone graft is the gold standard among the graft materials because it provides all of these properties
Implantation of combination of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and hydroxyapatite yielded significant (p < 0.05) bone formation resulting in histological, and mechanical evidence of union compare to other groups
Summary
A great deal of research has focused on therapies for enhancing bone repair (Alper et al, 1989). Autogenous bone graft has been the implant of choice for most of the orthopaedic procedures. Autogenous and allogenic bone grafts have several limitations, such as donor-site infection, pain, and disease transfer (Finkemeier, 2002). Because of these limitations, biosynthetic bone graft substitutes are being investigated. Bone graft substitutes should possess one or more of the characteristics typical of autograft: osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity and osteogenicity. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) has been used for several decades in human surgery for the treatment of nonunion, facial deformities, osteomyelitis, and large defects resulting from benign tumor removal (Ragni et al, 1993).
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