Abstract
A cross sectional study was conducted at Holeta agricultural research center to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis. The overall prevalence of dermatophytosis in a total of 384 animals was 167 (43.49%), as determined by using direct microscopic examination and culture isolation. There was difference in dermatophytosis infection rates among the cattle breeds examined, the highest being 86.49% in 25% Boran (BO) X 75% Holstein Frisian (HF) followed by 56.95% in 50% BO X 50% HF and 25% in 100% Jersey animals. The study also revealed a significant difference (χ2= 24.7359, P = 0.001) in infection rates among different age groups, the highest being in calves (62.28%) and lowest in old animals (25%). A significant difference was also observed between the season of the year and infection rates, the highest being in the wet (64.12%) season, when compared with the dry season (27.10%). However there was no significant difference in dermatophytosis infection rates in the different categories of body condition scores and with sex of the animals. The study presents the highest prevalence of dermatophytosis in the study area and warrants immediate action accordingly. Key words: Dermatophytosis, cattle, Holeta, dairy farm.
Highlights
Dermatophyte are pathogenic fungi that have a high affinity for keratinized structures like nails, skin or hair, causing superficial infections known as dermatophytosis in both humans and animals (Luciene et al, 2008)
The study revealed differences in the prevalence of dermatophytosis infection rates among different age groups, the highest being in calves (62.28%) and lowest in old animals (25%) (Table 3)
The present study is consistence with the study conducted outside of Ethiopia in Central Anatolia, Kirikkale province, Turkey, in which 38% prevalence of dermatophytosis in cattle was reported by Yildirim et al (2010), and lower than other two studies; one reported by Ghafarokhis, (2009) in Iran showing a prevalence of 99% of T. verrucosum and another by kojovoii et al (2011) showing a prevalence of 62.3% in Iran
Summary
Dermatophyte are pathogenic fungi that have a high affinity for keratinized structures like nails, skin or hair, causing superficial infections known as dermatophytosis in both humans and animals (Luciene et al, 2008). The Etiologic agents of the dermatophytosis are classified in three anamorphic (asexual or imperfect) genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton, of anamorphic class Hyphomycetes of the Deuteromycota (Fungi imperfecti) (Irene and Richard, 1995). On the basis of anamorph morphology, two species of Epidermophyton, approximately 18 species of Microsporum and 25 species of Trichophyton, are considered valid members of these genera (Mucoma, 2000). Animals can acquire infection with geophilic dermatophite. Zoophilic and anthrophilic dermatophite are obligate pathogens which are unable to replicate in the soil
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