Abstract
Anthuriums are among the most attractive ornamental plants; however, the commercial production of these plants is limited by the slow propagation methods presently in use. This situation can be resolved with the application of in vitro culture techniques which allow massive plant propagation through morphogenic processes. Plant growth regulators (PGR) and the composition of the basal media comprising the culture medium are among the factors influencing the induction of morphogenesis. Optical and electron microscopy analysis suggested that the morphogenic routes induced were organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. This report presents three protocols of morphogenesis, two for adventitious shoot organogenesis and one via somatic embryogenesis. The treatments which induced adventitious shoot organogenesis were Murashige and Skoog medium at half ionic strength supplemented with 0.2 μM of thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2.2 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP); 0.2 μM of TDZ and 6.6 μM of zeatin (ZEA); the treatment which induced somatic embryogenesis was 0.4 μM of TDZ and 0.5 μM of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D). Key words: Anthuriums andreanum, morphogenesis, thidiazuron, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, electron microscopy.
Highlights
Anthurium andreanum is a member of the Araceae family and the species is native to the tropics of Central and South America (Gantait and Mandal, 2010)
The treatments which induced adventitious shoot organogenesis were Murashige and Skoog medium at half ionic strength supplemented with 0.2 μM of thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2.2 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP); 0.2 μM of TDZ and 6.6 μM of zeatin (ZEA); the treatment which induced somatic embryogenesis was 0.4 μM of TDZ and 0.5 μM of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D)
Calypso was induced in two treatments: (1) 1/2 MS supplemented with 0.2 μ M TDZ and 2.2 μ M BAP; (2) 1/2 MS supplemented with 0.2 Μm of TDZ and 6.6 Μm of ZEA
Summary
Anthurium andreanum is a member of the Araceae family and the species is native to the tropics of Central and South America (Gantait and Mandal, 2010). The high demand of A. andreanum for its commercialization as cut flowers, potted plants and garden plants, requires highly efficient propagation methods. In vitro culture is an attractive alternative for the multiplication of cultivars with high commercial values, allowing the production of high quality planting material in large quantities (Desai et al, 2015). The micro-propagation of ornamental plants is performed mainly through tissue culture in commercial laboratories all over the world, producing approximately 200,000 in vitro plantlets a week (Bhowmik and Matsuiz, 2001). In vitro culture permits the establishment of morphogenesis in plants. Morphogenesis refers to the development of organs (shoots, roots or flowers) giving rise to the form and general structure of the plant (Ramage and Williams, 2002). The development of efficient regeneration protocols through morphogenic processes is important for the genetic transformation
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