Abstract
We have investigated the green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles using Garcinia kola. Aqueous extract of G. kola was used to reduce AgNO3 solution to obtain black nanocrystal of silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity of the silver nanoparticles was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Candida albican. The synthesized silver nanoparticles was characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV-visible exhibits prominently the characteristic surface plasmon resonance at around 427 nm. A remarkable particle growth onset of 10 min was observed while the reaction ended within 30 min. The XRD analysis shows that the synthesized silver nanoparticles are crystalline in nature and well-dispersed silver nanoparticles with an approximate size of 10.4 nm were observed on TEM. The synthesized silver was found to possess good antimicrobial activity against all the tested microbes. The application of the green synthesized nanoparticles can be used in many fields such as foods, beverages, cosmetics and medicine. Key words: Silver, nanoparticles, green synthesis, Garcinia kola seed extract, transmission electron microscopy, antimicrobial activity.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is a growing field that has drawn the attention of researchers in different disciplines
The formation of Ag nanoparticles was further confirmed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Silver nanoparticles have free electrons, which give surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band. This is due to the combined vibration of electrons of silver nanoparticles in resonance with light wave
Summary
Nanotechnology is a growing field that has drawn the attention of researchers in different disciplines. Among the noble metals (e.g., Ag, Pt, Au and Pd), silver (Ag) is the metal of choice for potential applications in the field of biological systems, living organisms and medicine (Jain et al, 2009). Pineapple leave extract has been used for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its high antibacterial activities have been reported (Elemike et al, 2014). Our research group studied the growth kinetic of silver nanoparticles under the influence of plant biodiversity (Dare et al, 2015) for pharmaceutical and biological applications have been reported. We report a simple, nontoxic, and eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous seed extract of G. kola and no toxic chemicals are used as reducing and stabilizing agent during the synthesis
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