Abstract
Poultry litter is being produced in large quantities due to the accelerating growth of the broiler industry in recent years, which implies a greater energy dependence and cost of these systems. This study seeks to evaluate the capacity of an anaerobic batch biodigester to produce biogas from poultry litter. To this end, three tests were conducted: 1st: Poultry Litter + Water - [PL + W]1, 2nd: Poultry Litter + Water - [PL + W]2. 3rd: Description of treatments: Period of implementation: September 2013 to March 2014. T1 - Poultry Litter + Biofertilizer + Water, (PL+B+W) - of which: 28.25 kg of water + 28.25 kg of biofertilizer + 3.5 kg of litter. T2 - Poultry Litter + Biofertilizer (PL+B) - of which: 56.5 kg of biofertilizer + 3.5 kg of litter. T3 - Poultry Litter + Water (PL+W) - of which: 56.5 kg of water + 3.5 kg of litter. The results showed that the anaerobic biodigestion process was efficient in producing biogas in test 3, and that the three evaluated treatments produced different volumes of biogas, with the best treatment being the one that used a poultry litter associated with biofertilizer (T2 - PL+B), suggesting that the biofertilizer acted as a system that enabled the process, followed by the treatment that used poultry litter associated with biofertilizer and water (T1 - PL+B+W). The lowest values were observed in the third treatment, which used a mixture of poultry litter and water (T3 - PL+W). Key words: Biogas, poultry, waste, biomass.
Highlights
The Brazilian broiler industry had an output of about 8 million tons of meat in 2014, which corresponds to 16.4%of world production
The results showed that the anaerobic biodigestion process was efficient in producing biogas in test 3, and that the three evaluated treatments produced different volumes of biogas, with the best treatment being the one that used a poultry litter associated with biofertilizer (T2 - Poultry Litter + Biofertilizer (PL+B)), suggesting that the biofertilizer acted as a system that enabled the process, followed by the treatment that used poultry litter associated with biofertilizer and water (T1 - PL+B+W)
The lowest values were observed in the third treatment, which used a mixture of poultry litter and water (T3 - Poultry Litter + Water (PL+W))
Summary
The Brazilian broiler industry had an output of about 8 million tons of meat in 2014, which corresponds to 16.4%of world production. As in other agricultural activities, broiler production generates a very large amount of waste (poultry litter and dead birds), which, if well managed, can become an important source of income and add value to the activity, and turn into a model of sustainable production, which is increasingly becoming a market demand. To this end, a system will need to be adopted for the treatment of this waste in order to avoid possible contamination of the environment (Girotto and Ávila, 2003; Güngör-Demirci and Demirer, 2004; Angonese et al, 2006). In anaerobic biodigestion systems, the degradation of organic matter involves the activity of optional and required prokaryotic micro-organisms, whose species belong to the group of hydrolytic-fermentative bacteria, acetogenic bacteria that produce hydrogen and methanogenic archaea (Côté et al, 2006; Alvarez et al, 2006)
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