Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a cheap source of nitrogen and quite suitable for farmers of developing countries. Although, they live in a diverse range of environments, different environmental variables influence their nitrogen fixing ability. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of pond depth and lining plastic colors on nitrogen fixing capacity of Anabaena species strain E3. Factorial combinations of four pond lining plastic colors and two depths were laid out in a complete randomized design with three replications. The ANOVA results revealed that the 20 cm depth pond had a higher mean growth rate (0.063 OD day -1 ), dissolved oxygen (17.63 mg L -1 ), dry biomass (0.58 g L -1 ) and total nitrogen (27.77 mg L -1 ) than the 40 cm depth. The highest mean growth rate (0.089 OD day -1 ), dissolved oxygen (19.07 mg L -1 ), dry biomass (0.66 g L -1 ) and total nitrogen (41.60 mg L -1 ) were registered in the treatment with a transparent lining plastic color. Moreover, it was noted that, the test strain under the treatment combinations of 20 cm depth and transparent plastic lining expressed the highest mean optical density (1.227), heterocyst frequency (2.92%) and pH (10.28). Therefore, for mass-production of E3-strain-based biofertilizer, the strain should be grown in ponds of 20 cm depth with transparent plastic. Keywords: Cyanobacteria, dry biomass, growth rate, shallow pond, total nitrogen
Highlights
IntroductionCyanobacteria (formerly classified as “blue-green algae”) are among the largest, most diverse and widely distributed group of prokaryotes
Cyanobacteria are among the largest, most diverse and widely distributed group of prokaryotes
Light is the source of energy that drives photosynthesis for assimilation of inorganic carbon which results in increased synthesis of carbohydrates, and thereby increased growth and optical density (Briand et al, 2004)
Summary
Cyanobacteria (formerly classified as “blue-green algae”) are among the largest, most diverse and widely distributed group of prokaryotes They are highly adaptable, and some species exhibit wide ecological tolerance and gliding mobility. Cyanobacteria are equipped with nitrogenase enzymes, they can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a biologically accessible form and thereby play a key role in the nitrogen cycle of the biosphere (Bothe et al, 2010; Zehr, 2011). They are used as biofertilizer to maintain and improve soil fertility (Ahmed, 2001)
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