Abstract
Genetic dissimilarity can be used to identify promising genotypes for cultivation in specific conditions. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the genetic dissimilarity among 35 genotypes of Coffea arabica in the Cerrado, under irrigation, using phenological data and multivariate statistics. Plant height, stem diameter, canopy diameter, number of orthotropic branch nodes, length of orthotropic branch internodes, length of primary plagiotropic branches, and average plagiotropic branch internode length were evaluated at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after planting. Data were analyzed using Hierarchical Agglomerative Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis. Three clusters were formed for each evaluation (6, 12, 18 and 24 months). At 6 months, the most distant group consisted of Yellow Catucaí 2SL, Araponga MG 1, Sacramento MG 1, 23 II, Yellow Catucaí 20/15 pit 479, Sarchimor MG 8840, IBC-Palma 2, and New Acauã genotypes. At 12 months, the most distant group consisted of Yellow Catucaí 2SL, Asa Branca, Sacramento MG 1, and Sarchimor MG 8840. At 18 months, the most distant group consisted of Yellow Catucaí 2SL, Tupi IAC 1669-33, 23 II, Red Obatã IAC 1969-20, Sacramento MG 1, and Sarchimor MG 8840. At 24 months, Yellow Catucaí 2SL was distinct from the other 34 genotypes. Phenological variables strongly contributed to genetic dissimilarity (>75%) and there was a positive correlation for most variables. Key words: Environment, Coffea arabica L., phenology, multivariate analysis, genetic, dissimilarity.  
Highlights
Coffee production has contributed significantly to economic and social development in Brazil and is of great importance to Brazilian agribusiness
Meireles et al (2009) state that various phenological phases of C. arabica are affected by environmental conditions, especially by photoperiodic variation and meteorological conditions
Genetic diversity was observed between genotypes in the adaptability and interaction of the genotypes with the environment, so multivariate techniques were used to evaluate genetic divergence
Summary
Coffee production has contributed significantly to economic and social development in Brazil and is of great importance to Brazilian agribusiness. Brazil has been the world's largest producer and exporter of coffee for over 150 years (Paiva et al, 2010). National productivity in 2018 was 1903.2 kg per hectare. In 2019, 1509.6 kg per hectare was estimated (CONAB, 2019). The Brazilian coffee industry has undergone significant changes as crop has moved into the Cerrado areas, in its production system (Oliveira et al, 2010). The Cerrado produces excellent quality coffee due to its two well-defined seasons: rainy summer and dry winter (Fernandes et al, 2012). Controlled water stress can be used to standardize the flowering and ripening of fruits in the Cerrado (Guerra et al, 2005)
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