Abstract
Considering the vast use of sweeteners by the Brazilian population and the constant need for toxicological studies of food additives, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and mutagenic potentials of the sodium saccharin and/or sodium cyclamate sweeteners in plant (Allium cepa) and animal (Mus musculus) test systems based on concentrations permitted by the Brazilian laws. In A. cepa, both the sweeteners individually and their combinations concentration and exposure time (ET: 48, 72 and 168 h) dependently exerted cytotoxic and mutagenic effects. Similarly, an increased in micronuclei formation was also observed by the sweeteners in peripheral blood cells in mice. More toxic effects were observed with the combination doses at 168 ET. There may be a synergistic effect and DNA damage with an increasing concentration and ET. In conclusion, the concentrations considered safe by the Brazilian laws had significant cytotoxic and mutagenic activity on the eukaryotic cells. Key words: Allium cepa, Mus musculus, sweeteners, toxicity.
Highlights
Food additives are the substances intentionally added to food without the nourishing purpose
Among the sweeteners accepted for the use by ANVISA, sodium saccharin and sodium cyclamate stand out
By considering the above mentioned facts, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of the above mentioned sweeteners using A. cepa and Mus musculus test systems
Summary
Food additives are the substances intentionally added to food without the nourishing purpose. In Brazil, the governing rules of the use of food additives are controlled by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). Among the sweeteners accepted for the use by ANVISA, sodium saccharin and sodium cyclamate stand out. It is synthesized from the toluene sulfonic acid, derived from petroleum (Pearson, 2001) In aqueous solution, it may be used in a conjunction with other sweeteners (Fitch and Keim, 2012) such as salts of cyclamic acid or cyclamates. It may be used in a conjunction with other sweeteners (Fitch and Keim, 2012) such as salts of cyclamic acid or cyclamates These acids are prepared using chlorosulfonic acid and were discovered by Sveda and Audrieth (Jain and Grover, 2015)
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