English

Abstract

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the commonest causes for end stage renal disease. Renal accumulation of lipids is one of the pathological finding seen in diabetic nephropathy. Diallyl disulphide (DADS), a principle component of garlic oil, is known for its hypolipidemic properties. Diaceto-dipropyl disulphide (DADPDS) is a structural analogue of DADS, and is more palatable and less toxic to diabetic rats. Hence this animal experiment study was undertaken to compare the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of DADS and DADPDS on diabetic rat renal tissue and to evaluate the better disulphide among the two that may be used as adjuvant drug in treating or preventing diabetic nephropathy. METHODS This was an animal experimental comparative study. 24 male albino rats were grouped (6 rats in each group) into normal, diabetic control, DADS and DADPDS treated diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. DADS and DADPDS were fed by gastric intubation for 90 days. After stipulated time, kidneys were dissected out and its total lipids, cholesterol and phospholipid levels were estimated along with tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels. RESULTS Renal tissue total lipids, cholesterol and phospholipids were significantly decreased in DADS and moderately decreased in DADPDS treated diabetic kidneys, when compared to diabetic control rats. But TBARS levels were significantly decreased in DADPDS rat kidneys compared to DADS treated rat kidneys. CONCLUSIONS In this comparative study, we note that DADS has better lipid-lowering effect on renal tissue of alloxan diabetic rats compared to DADPDS. On the other hand, DADPDS has low renal toxic effects, as indicated by low TBARS levels and improvement in blood glucose levels, when compared to DADS treated diabetic rats. Hence, DADS can be used as an adjuvant drug, only in atherogenic diabetic patients without nephropathy and DADPDS can be used as an adjuvant drug in diabetic nephropathy patients. KEYWORDS Diallyl-Disulphide, Diallyl-Dipropyl Disulphide, Diabetic Nephropathy, Renal Lipids