Abstract
The effects of sublethal doses (LD10: 1.00 ng/larva; LD30: 3.75 ng/larva) of chlorfluazuron on the amounts of testicular biochemical constituents of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) was described. Chlorfluazuron was applied topically to newly ecdysed fifth-instar larvae under laboratory conditions. Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron significantly reduced the amount of protein with no effect on carbohydrate and lipid. The relative proportion of the amounts of controltesticular DNA was: 7.52±0.9 µg/mg at the day before adult emergence> 4.54±0.44 µg/mg at newly emerged adults> 3.52±0.49 µg/mg at 1st day after adult emergence.Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the amounts of testicular, seminal vesicular and aedeagular DNA compared with the controls.Similar reduction was observed in RNA as found in DNA. Three peaks in ecdysteroid titres were observed during 80 to 208 h. Compared with the controls, all peaks were reduced in LD10 or LD30 treated testis as follows: 11.5 or 21%; 12 or 22%; 12.5 or 23%, respectively. Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron reduced the ecdysteroid titres with no effect on its pattern. Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron reduced the amounts of biochemical testicular constituents during the development of testes in S. litura. Key words: Chlorfluazuron, ecdysteroid titre, nucleic acid, protein, Spodoptera litura, sublethal doses, testicular biochemical, seminal vesicle, aedeagus.
Highlights
The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) larva has bright yellow colour testes which are distinctly paired, reniform and situated between the 5th and 6th abdominal segments
Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the amount of protein by the LD10 and more significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced by the LD30 in newly emerged adult males compared with the controls, measured in μg/mg
Sublethal doses of chlorfluazuron have an effects on different stages of embryogenesis (Perveen et al, 2010, 2010a) and reduced amount of egg biochemical constituents including protein, carbohydrates, lipid, nucleic acids and ecdysteroid titres (Perveen, 2010b)
Summary
The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) larva has bright yellow colour testes which are distinctly paired, reniform and situated between the 5th and 6th abdominal segments. The testicular lobes are enclosed within two thick, double-layered peritoneal sheaths. This forms a common envelope to all follicles of testis (Etman and Hooper, 1979). The seminal vesicles are paired and elongated organs. They are connected with vas efferent (paired) at one hand and at other hand, with vas deferens (paired). The accessory reproductive glands of S. litura are paired tubular structures. Their secretions pour through ductus ejaculatorious duplex into seminal vesicles contribute to the seminal fluid and formation of the spermatophore (Sridevi et al, 1989b). During copula formation, aedeagus enters into female corpus bursa and endophallus enters ductus bursa and complete transfer of spermatophore to female bursa copulatrix takes place (Etman and Hooper, 1979)
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