Abstract
Heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States with diet being a major contributor. As solution, fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids is recommended. In this study, the impact of brackish water on fish quality, was done by sampling canal water in Edinburg, Texas. Canal water was membrane filtered and cultured on bacteriological media. Pure cultures were phenotypically identified, and isolates confirmed on a BD Phoenix analyzer. The BD Phoenix analyzer, confirmed the following isolates: Grimontia hollisae, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Tatumella ptyseos, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. ozaenae, Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Achromobacter species, Pasteurella aerogenes, Moraxella species and Pseudomonas species. Fish consumption is good for maintaining a healthy heart, but consumers risk exposure to foodborne pathogens that can cause watery diarrhea, severe abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, bacteremia, urinary tract infections and even dead. Key words: Brackish, Microbiome, α-Linolenic acid, Linoleic acid, 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid, Tatumellaptyseos, Grimontia hollisae, Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, Esoteric, Nosocomial.
Highlights
There are about 7,588,000 inpatient cardiovascular surgical interventions in the United States resulting in about 375,295 deaths at a cost of $320.1 billion (Mozaffarian et al, 2015)
A major contributor to this health problem is diets consume by humans today that is rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty (LA) as opposed to pre-industrial revolution era diets that were rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ALA)
We were able to identify two major groups of bacteria: the one group like Pasteurella aerogenes, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Achromobacter species, Moraxella species, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes and Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. azaenae are bacteria that are well established in scientific literatures while another group like Grimontia hollisae, Tatumella ptyseos, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Staphylococcus pettenkoferi are bacteria that are characterized as esoteric (Figure 4)
Summary
There are about 7,588,000 inpatient cardiovascular surgical interventions in the United States resulting in about 375,295 deaths at a cost of $320.1 billion (Mozaffarian et al, 2015). A major contributor to this health problem is diets consume by humans today that is rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty (LA) as opposed to pre-industrial revolution era diets that were rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ALA) This is because, inside the human body, ALA and LA compete for the metabolic activities of two enzymes identified as delta 6-desaturase and delta 5-desaturase that are found in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of cells (Burdge and Wootton, 2002; Steffen and Steffen, 2016). The nature of this competition is such that if the composition ratio of ALA/LA in consumed diet is 1:1 or1:4 as was the case in pre-industrial revolution era diets.
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