Abstract
Abundance and unmanaged agriculture residues lead to unutilized resource waste and environmental pollution. Application of microbial technology to manage agriculture waste could produce value-added product. A preliminary study on biodegradation of rice straw using different potential microorganisms was tested under controlled environment. Three different inoculant cultures were used to observe their efficiency in rice straw degradation. Combination cultures microorganisms coding AMB1 shows the potential degrading activity, which reduces the hemicellulose of rice straw by 50% from the raw material. The highest cellulase activity at 1.5 U/mL was also observed in rice straw treatment with AMB1 than single inoculant fungi and commercial microbial product. Overall, the results suggested that the biodegradation of rice straw could be improved by using combination culture. The ability of these cultures to enhance biodegradation shows potential to fasten the decomposing period and may be used to manage agriculture waste. Key words: Cellulase, lignin, agriculture waste, biodegradation.
Highlights
Paddy is planted as an annual crop, producing two times of waste for the same area in a year
The results suggested that the biodegradation of rice straw could be improved by using combination culture
The present study suggests that usage of microbial input could aid in decomposition process of rice straw
Summary
Paddy is planted as an annual crop, producing two times of waste for the same area in a year. The ratio of the crop product to residue for paddy rice straw produce is 1: 1.4 (IPCC, 1996). In 2014, an amount of 2.98 million tonnes of rice straw was produced in Malaysia. On-field burning and incorporation of rice straw was practiced by farmers to manage this waste. Incomplete combustion of rice straw due to burning causes disturbance to air quality in the environment, losses of soil nutrient which will impact soil fertility and release of greenhouse gases (GHG) (Rosmiza et al, 2014). Farmers practiced incorporation of rice straw to field to manage the abundance of this waste. An efficient approach of managing rice straw which is environmental friendly with no impact to human health should be considered
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