English

Abstract

Gunawan H. 2015. Secondary succession on disturbed forest area ex-illegal cultivation in Mount Ciremai National Park, West Java. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 1591-1599. Mount Ciremai National Park (TNGC) was established in 2004 on an area of ±14,390 hectares forest area. This conservation forest represents three types of ecosystems namely lowland rain forest (200-1000 m asl), montane rain forest (1000-2400 m asl) and sub alpine forest (>2.400 m asl). Before being declared a national park, the area of Mount Ciremai consisted of protected forest and productive forest which had experienced massive encroachment by surrounding communities. Around 7,222 hectares (50,19%) of TNGC forest area had been cultivated for food crops, particularly vegetables. This encroachment and had degraded the biological diversity of flora and fauna. The hydrology had also been degraded because approximately 4206.57 hectares or 58,25% of the area of encroachment were on a steep slope to very steep inclines with a slope of more than 25%. Therefore, in the 2010/2011 TNGC with the cooperation with local government terminated all cultivation activities inside the national park. About one year after abandonment left of the cultivation activity, secondary succession began on the land via colonization from the intact forest in the vicinity. Our research in the park had the objective of studying the succession process on four types of the degraded area. The method employed a vegetation analysis of transect taken from four sampling locations (Cigugur, Batu Kancah, Cipari and Seda). The results showed that in the area of former encroachment secondary succession had occurred by recolonization from nearby forest stands as indicated by the presence of tree seedlings of such species Quercus sundaica., Castanopsis argentea, Trema orientale, Mallotus ricinoides, Villebrunea rubescens, Melochia umbellata, Dillenia obovata, Ficus spp., Schefflera aromatica, Arthocarpus elasticus, Macaranga gigantea, Antidesma bunius, Cryptocarya densiflora, Sterculia campanulata, Crypteronia paniculata, Alstonia scholaris, Phyllanthus emblica dan Dracontomelon mangiferum. The species diversity index from four sampled locations varied; 2.45 at Cigugur, 1.92 at Batu Kancah, 2.78 at Cipari and 0.69 at Seda. The evenness index was 0.63 at at Cigugur, 0.54 at Batu Kancah, 0.89 at Cipari and 0.31 at Seda.