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Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the good conditions for fibers extraction from Retama monosperma young stems and their mechanical, physical and chemical characteristics. The fibers were extracted using a range of NaOH concentration from 1 to 16% in a period of treatment of 1 to 24 h, coupled with a physical treatment. For the evaluation of physico-mechanical characteristics, 200 samples were performed in the tensile test. The biochemical composition of the fibers was determined after separation of the parietal compounds. The results show that the best fiber yield was 11.51% obtained by a treatment of 14% NaOH for 8 h, followed by a physical treatment. The fibers biocomposition was 87.3% of cellulose, 7.5% of hemicelluloses and 1% of lignin. The Young's modulus was 13.3 GPa, tensile strength was 110 MPa and a density was 1.3 g/cm3. The average fiber length was 155.7 mm. The fibers yield and characteristics showed that R. monosperma plant may in future be suitable source for natural fibers. Key words: Retama monosperma young stems, fibers, extraction, characterization.
Highlights
The composites industry began since the 20th century, and in the same time, fibers industry saw an exponential growth
The results show that the best fiber yield was 11.51% obtained by a treatment of 14% NaOH for 8 h, followed by a physical treatment
Extraction of fibers Chemical dissociation In Table 1, the obtained results show that the first batch
Summary
The composites industry began since the 20th century, and in the same time, fibers industry saw an exponential growth. The most fibers used frequently in composite industry were synthetic fibers such as carbon, graphite, and glass fibers. The impact of this industry on the environment was very heavy. Natural fibers seem to be an effective solution for the production of fully biodegradable materials for replacing of some synthetic fibers (Belaadi et al, 2013; Mylsamy and Rajendran, 2010). Without cotton and wood fibers, the annual world production of vegetable fibers is 6200 kt (Rajendran, 2011). The Jute fibers are half of the global production, followed with coco 16 and flax 13% (FAO, 2010).
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