Abstract
To study predictors of root resorption in orthodontic treatment from 407 records, 377 pre- and post- treatment periapical radiographs of permanent maxillary central incisors of 199 patients treated with fixed appliances were divided according to overjet, overbite, age, gender and endodontic treatment. Changes in root length between the onset and completion of orthodontic treatment were measured in digitized images and statistically compared using student t, one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. There was no correlation between increased overjet, overbite and root resorption or with anterior open bite (0.924 and 0.5772). Root resorption was significantly lower in children younger than 10 years when compared to adults (P = 0.0017) and even lower in adolescents when compared to adults (P = 0.0003). There was higher prevalence of root resorption in males simultaneously with higher number of pipette-shaped and dilacerated apical root morphology (P = 0.034). Endodontically treated teeth were not more susceptible to root resorption (P = 0.208). Increased overjet and overbite did not present positive relation with root resorption. There was no difference in root resorption between vital and endodontically treated teeth. Age and gender presented positive relation with root resorption. Susceptibility to root resorption during orthodontic treatment may be related to apical morphology. Key words: Root resorption, orthodontic treatment, tooth movement.
Highlights
In addition to the overjet and overbite, this study analyzed the correlation between the occurrence of root resorption after orthodontic treatment with age, gender and presence or not of endodontic treatment
Concerning the relationship between age and apical root resorption, it was observed that when orthodontic treatment was performed at younger ages, especially in children below ten years of age, there was statistically smaller occurrence of root resorption when compared to adults (P = 0.0017) and was smaller in adolescents when compared to adults (P = 0.00036) (Table 5)
There was no correlation between the increased overjet and overbite and the occurrence of root resorption
Summary
The literature reveals different opinions on the correlation between age and external apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment, with positive correlation for some authors (Linge and Linge, 1983; Brezniak and Wasserstein, 1993; Mirabella and Artun, 1995a; Mavragani et al, 2000; Sameshima and Sinclair, 2001; Ren et al, 2008), and no correlation for others (Phillips, 1955; McFadden et al, 1989; Baumrind et al, 1996; root resorption between genders (Beck and Harris, 1994). Patient presents chronic inflammatory periodontal disease, there are sequels such as reduced height of the alveolar bone crest and increased clinical crown, altering the crown/root ratio These differences should modify the orthodontic treatment planning. Several studies assume that in comparison with Class I, most Class II individuals might present greater overjet and greater extent of dental movement due to large retraction of incisors (Linge and Linge, 1991; Brin et al, 2003) It would be relevant to compare differences in overjet and overbite concerning external apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment. In addition to the overjet and overbite, this study analyzed the correlation between the occurrence of root resorption after orthodontic treatment with age, gender and presence or not of endodontic treatment
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