Abstract
To evaluate the therapeutic effects of moisture exposed burn ointment (MEBO) on phlebitis, seven electronic databases where checked until September, 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of MEBO on phlebitis. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane handbook guidelines. Thirty eight randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria in which the aggregated results indicated that comparison revealed significant differences in total effectiveness rate of MEBO versus conventional therapy (RR=1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.06, 1.52, and P=0.009), and there were some beneficial evidence regarding the effects on reducing incidence of phlebitis MEBO versus conventional therapy in preventing phlebitis (RR=2.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.94, 3.85, and P<0.00001). The evidence that MEBO is an effective treatment for phlebitis is encouraging, but not conclusive due to the low methodological quality of the RCTs. Therefore, more high-quality RCTs with larger sample sizes are required. Key words: External application of moisture exposed burn ointment, prevention and (or) treatment, phlebitis.
Highlights
Intravenous therapy may be used to correct electrolyte imbalances, deliver medications for blood transfusion, or as fluid replacement, but studies have shown that 20 to 70% of patients receiving peripheral intravenous therapy develop phlebitis (Ray-Barruel et al, 2014; Evangelos and Abdulazeez, 2014)
The results indicate that MEBO increases the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to promote wound healing, implicating the potential mechanism of MEBO for delayed cutaneous wound healing
There were no patients who dropped out of their trials due to adverse effects, suggesting that MEBO was safe for clinical use
Summary
Intravenous therapy may be used to correct electrolyte imbalances, deliver medications for blood transfusion, or as fluid replacement, but studies have shown that 20 to 70% of patients receiving peripheral intravenous therapy develop phlebitis (Ray-Barruel et al, 2014; Evangelos and Abdulazeez, 2014). There is no consensus on the optimal management of phlebitis in clinical practice, patients receive the following treatment regimens such as heparin, heparinoid or diclofenac gels, defibrotide, notoginseny creams by rubbing or flushing the site with 75% alcohol or 0.9% saline solution, wet compresses with 50 to 75% magnesium sulphate, hydrocolloid dressing,antagonist plus block therapy (2 ml 0.5% procaine and 5 mg dexamethasone in 7 ml normal saline), and topical application of anti-inflammatory drugs etc, these methods mainly focus on relieving the pain and improving the acute inflammatory state (Wang et al.,2014;(Kim et al.,2015) It is unclear whether such treatment is sufficient to prevent complications such as suppurate superficial thrombophlebitis or catheter-related bloodstream infections (Tagalakis et al, 2002); (Myrianthefs et al, 2005b).
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