Abstract
Wet bubble disease (Mycogone perniciosa) is a devastating disease in the crop production of mushrooms. In India, it has been reported to cause serious crop losses. It is also a common contaminant, occurring in mushroom houses in the Kashmir valley. The aim of the study was to investigate physiological characteristics of M. perniciosa isolated from button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). The assessment of the factors affecting the development and spread of wet bubble disease was also done. The isolated fungus produced copious flocculent mycelia and the colour of colonies changed from white to pale brown and finally dark brown after 12-14 days of incubation at 24±1°C. The maximal radial growth (90 mm) was recorded on compost agar medium after 15 days, followed by potato dextrose agar (75.5 mm) and malt extract agar (72.0 mm). Microscopic examination of the pathogen reveals that the mycoparasite was both inter and intra-cellular. The conidiophores were erect, long and verticillately branched. Conidia were oval, single, 2-celled and thin walled. The pathogen was successfully re-isolated when admixed with the compost at 6th, 7th or 8th turnings, that is, on the 22nd, 25th and 29th day of composting with a pile temperature of only (0-30°C). The pathogen was also present in viable form in all the test samples of casing mixture in varied populations. The pathogen was continuously present in samples from spent compost of diseased trays. It was also observed that only the garden soil and the spent compost carried the wet bubble pathogen varying in populations each year. The peat soil, virgin soil, farm yard manure and sand did not yield any M. perniciosa propagules during either year. Key words: Contaminant, conidia, compost, white, mycoparasite, mushroom.
Highlights
Mycog gone pe ernicio osa) isolated d from button n mush hroom (Ag garicus s bispo orus) and a as ssessm ment off factors affectin a ng dise ease develop d pment and spread
500 g of composite samples of spent compost were collected in triplicate from the production trays, showing the signs of wet bubble disease soon after termination of spring and autumn cropping season of 2008 and placed separately in plastic jars
Wet bubble disease is a nuisance in the profitable cultivation of white button mushroom
Summary
Mycog gone pe ernicio osa) isolated d from button n mush hroom (Ag garicus s bispo orus) and a as ssessm ment off factors affectin a ng dise ease develop d pment and spread. Division of Plant Patholog gy, Sheri-Kash hmir Agricultu ural Universityy of Science a and Technolo ogy Perniciosa) is a devas stating disea ase in the crop produ uction of mushrooms s. In India, it has bee en reported to cause s serious crop p losses. It is a common contaminan nt, occurring g in mushro oom houses s in the Kas shmir valley y. T assessm ment of the factors f affec cting the dev velopment an nd spread o of wet bubble e disease was done. The iso olated fungu us produced d copious flo occulent my ycelia and th he colour of colonies changed fro om white to pale brown and dark d brown a after 12-14 d days of incub bation at 24±
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