Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of selected plants extracts (Achyranthes aspera, Lawsonia inermis, Ficus benghalensis, Raphnus sativus and Macrotyloma uniflorum). The methanol extract of selected plants was analysed for in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity using nucleation, aggregation and growth assay of calcium oxalate (CaOX) monohydrate crystals. The nucleation, aggregation and growth of CaOx crystals were significantly inhibited by all selected plant extracts. The highest inhibition of CaOX nucleation was shown by R. sativus (55.21±1.9%) followed by M. uniflorum (53.91±1.1%) and the least by F. benghalensis (43.63±0.8%) at 1.0 mg/mL. The highest inhibition of calcium CaOX aggregation was shown by R. sativus (61.6±1.6%) which was very close to Cystone (63.28±2.5%). The growth of CaOX was highly inhibited by A. aspera (42.17±1.0%) followed by M. uniflorum (40.27±1.4%) with lowest inhibition by F. benghalensis (31.44±1.4%) as compared to Cystone (43.35 ±0.9%). The study showed that the selected plants showed the significant antiurolithiatic activity against CaOX crystals, which could be a potential source for the treatment of renal stone disease. Key words: Antiurolithiatic, calcium oxalate, nucleation, aggregation, methanol extracts.
Highlights
Urolithiasis is the process of formation or deposition of calculi in the urinary tract, which is considered as the third most common disorder estimated to occur in around 12% of the global population worldwide (Sharma et al, 2016; Khan, 2013)
All the plants extracts at tested concentration showed the significant reduction (P
The methanol extract of R. sativus (55.21±1.9%) showed highest inhibition compared to cystone (57.7±1.1%) and F. benghalensis (43.63±0.8%) showed lowest inhibition of at 1 mg/mL (Figure 1)
Summary
Urolithiasis is the process of formation or deposition of calculi in the urinary tract, which is considered as the third most common disorder estimated to occur in around 12% of the global population worldwide (Sharma et al, 2016; Khan, 2013). The formation of calcified renal stone is a physiochemical event leading to crystal nucleation, aggregation and its growth assisted by many biological processes including urine volume, pH, increased calcium oxalate or sodium oxalate, and urates (Ratkalkar and Kleinman, 2011; Khan et al, 2016). Increased dietary protein intake has been reported to elevate the rates of developing kidney stones and approximately 75% of all renal stones are composed of calcium oxalate and/or calcium phosphate (Stamatelou et al, 2003).
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