Abstract
The millet crop in recent decades has shown an increase in planted area, mainly in the Cerrado region. However, there are few studies related to the management and phytossociology of weeds in this culture. Thus, the objective of this research was to perform a phytosociological survey in millet under different soil managements in Savanna Sul-Mato-Grossense region. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul – Unit of Aquidauana (UEMS/UUA), in Aquidauana-MS. The area is cultivated to five years with soybeans in first crop and corn in second. The experimental design was randomized complete block in a split-plot design consisting of four blocks with four replications. In the plots were used soil preparation systems (minimum tillage and no-tillage) and in the subplots was utilized the nitrogen fertilization at 50 kg ha -1 and absence of nitrogen on millet at 25 days after emergence (DAE). Were evaluated the parameters number of species (NS), total number and dry mass of weeds (TN and DMW, respectively), dry mass of millet (DMM) and frequency (F), density (D), abundance (A) and Importance Value (IV) of weeds. The no-tillage system provided greater dry mass of weeds, whereas the nitrogen resulted in a smaller total number of weeds (TN). Cynodon dactylon and Commelina benghalensis were the most predominant species on area.
Highlights
The millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is an annual grass that has been showing in the last decades an increase in the planted area, especially in Savanna regions, both by enormous potential of soil cover offered for practice of no-tillage, as for their fodder use in livestock (PEREIRA FILHO et al, 2003)
For this purpose are used evaluation methods established by phytosociology which consists in the study of plant communities to establish a comprehensive overview of the composition and distribution of plant species in an area (GUGLIERICAPORAL et al, 2010)
The results show low frequency of plants found in samples and the existence of a high heterogeneity in relation to density and abundance, with three species considered highly dense and abundant on area (Cynodon dactylon, Commelina benghalensis and Stellaria media)
Summary
The millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is an annual grass that has been showing in the last decades an increase in the planted area, especially in Savanna regions, both by enormous potential of soil cover offered for practice of no-tillage, as for their fodder use in livestock (PEREIRA FILHO et al, 2003). According to Albuquerque et al (2012), the knowledge of species diversity is important for understanding the dynamics of weeds regarding to those crops grown in different grown seasons. For this purpose are used evaluation methods established by phytosociology which consists in the study of plant communities to establish a comprehensive overview of the composition and distribution of plant species in an area (GUGLIERICAPORAL et al, 2010). The tillage systems, through its differentiated effects on weeds, can modify the community’s botanical composition (JAKELAITIS et al, 2003). Godoy et al (1995), report that the populations composition of weeds in an agroecosystem is a reflection of its soil and climate characteristics and agronomic practices, such as crop management (tillage, no-tillage and minimum tillage)
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