Abstract
Pesticides are used in agriculture to control pest and protect human health and animals. Excessive use of pesticides caused risk for human health and threated non-target organisms, polluted water, soil and air. Hinosan is a component of organophosphate pesticide which is used as a fungicide in agricultural fields. In the study, lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of Hinosan was calculated for Rutilus frisii kutum and Rutilus rutilus caspicus with a mean weight of 3 ± 1 g [mean ± SD]. The experiment were carried out in static condition and based on instructions of O.E.C.D in four days under controlled water physicochemical factors with pH = 7 to 8.5, dissolved oxygen = 200 mg L -1 (CaCO 3 ) and temperature = 20 ± 1°C. Fishes were acclimatized in 70x40x30 cm aquarium for 10 days. Five treated aquariums with concentration ranges 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ppm of hinosan (Technical 95 Edifenphos) with one control group (no toxic concentration), were performed. Data were analysed using the probit analysis. LC 1 , LC 10 , LC 30 , LC 50 , LC 70 , LC 90 and LC 99 were calculated in 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Our results indicate that LC 50 96 h hinosan for R. frisii Kutum and R. rutilus caspicus were obtained 3.61 and 2.88 ppm, respectively. These findings suggest that hinosan is medium toxicity for these two species. Clinical symptoms including irregular protrusion of the eyes and irregular swimming were observed. Key words : Organophosphore, hinosan, Rutilus frisii kutum, Rutilus rutilus caspicus, LC50, pollution.
Highlights
Aquatic ecosystems as the largest environments are constantly faced with the threats such as genetically restrictions and biological diversity. These environments are not the target for pesticides; some results of studies sighted the presence of pesticides and their metabolites in surface water (Mansingh and Wilson, 1995; Tsuda et al, 1996; Van-Der Geest et al, 1997)
The aim of this study was to investigate the adverse effect of this toxin to R. frisii Kutum
Result shows that within 96 h test, LC50 value declined with increasing toxin concentration and duration of exposure
Summary
Aquatic ecosystems as the largest environments are constantly faced with the threats such as genetically restrictions and biological diversity. These environments are not the target for pesticides; some results of studies sighted the presence of pesticides and their metabolites in surface water (Mansingh and Wilson, 1995; Tsuda et al, 1996; Van-Der Geest et al, 1997). Organophosphorus fungicide compounds are widely use in agricultural and permeate into fish farms and aquatic ecosystems which causes the contamination (Cossarini-Dunier et al, 1990). Dozens tone of organophosphorus fungicides penetrate into the global environment (Melnikov et al, 1977).
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