Abstract
Cross-sectional study design was implemented in Alage dairy farm to determine the overall prevalence of mastitis, its causative agents, susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with it. A total of 111 milking dairy cows and 444 quarters were examined. Overall prevalence of mastitis at cow and quarter levels were 73 and 37%, respectively. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (37.7%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.6%), Escherichia coli (9.4%), Staphylococcus intermidius (9.4%), Bacillus species (8%), Streptococcus species (5.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.8%), and Enterobacter aerogens (4.3%) were isolated in that order of decreasing frequency. From a total of seven antibiotics tested, most isolates were sensitive to Norfloxacin but showed resistance to Ampicillin. Age, stage of lactation, milk yield, hygiene score, feet problems and udder conformation were found to be risk factors significantly (P<0.05) associated with mastitis. The high prevalence rate of mastitis in a relatively well managed dairy farm implied that, it is the trickiest health problem of dairy cows that needs continued and concerted efforts in its fight. Key words: anti-biogram, mastitis, pathogens, prevalence, risk factors.
Highlights
IntroductionIn different parts of the world, revealed mastitis as grievous disease in the dairy industry
Various researchers, in different parts of the world, revealed mastitis as grievous disease in the dairy industry
According to Getahun et al (2008) loss in milk production, discarding abnormal milk and milk withheld from cows treated with antibiotics, decrease in milk quality and price due to high bacterial or somatic cell count (SCC), costs of drugs, veterinary services and increased labor costs, increased risk of subsequent mastitis, herd replacement, and problems related to antibiotics residues in milk and its products are some of the major issues of concern for the cow, farmer and for the consumers
Summary
In different parts of the world, revealed mastitis as grievous disease in the dairy industry. The risk factors associated of the disease were reported to be multi-factorial and multi faceted showing considerable differences with agro ecological zones and farming conditions. Conducting research on its prevalence and incidence will contribute to design appropriate preventive measures and treatment regimen in the specific dairy farm. Factors attributed to the prevalence of mastitis like parity was investigated by different authors in different parts of the country (Belayneh et al, 2013; Zeryehun et al, 2013; Katsande et al, 2013; Abrahmsén et al, 2014; Mureithi et al, 2016)
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