Abstract
A novel ‘dilution tube method’ (DTM) which is a modification of the ‘dilution method’ (DM) is hereby described for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). This new DTM uses only broth medium in tubes and the required antibiotic. MIC and MBC for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were determined in tubes by double diluting (or higher dilutions), broths containing gentamicin concentrations that inhibit bacterial growth, and incubating at 37°C for 18 to 24 h. The tube for MIC showed growth and appeared turbid after incubation while that for MBC remained clear. The results obtained using DTM agrees completely with those obtained with DM. The advantages of this novel DTM include the elimination of extra stress, time and costs associated with preparing and inoculating agar medium as done in DM. Key words: Antibiotics, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, dilution tube method, dilution method.
Highlights
Antibiotics are antimicrobial agents produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth or kill other microorganisms while being harmless to the host cells
Similar results were obtained using the Dilution Method (DM) of determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the new dilution tube method (DTM) described in the work
Observation of same results clearly indicated that both methods are interchangeable in the determination of MIC and MBC
Summary
Antibiotics are antimicrobial agents produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth or kill other microorganisms while being harmless to the host cells. Antibiotics which kill bacteria are said to be bactericidal, while those that only prevent their multiplication are referred to as bacteriostatic. Some antibiotics can act as both bacteriostatic and bactericidal depending on their concentration. Antibiotics are evaluated for their inhibitory potentials. A few methods used for evaluating antibiotics include the filter paper disc (Kirby-Bauer) method (Bauer et al, 1966), agar and broth dilution method (Wiegand et al, 2008), and the dilution method (Brown and Young, 1947; Bradshaw, 1979; Owuama, 2015).
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