Abstract
Cell suspension cultures were established from embryogenic callus induced from leaf explants of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hook f. Embryogenic callus was induced when leaf explants were cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 to 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D. Cream friable callus was formed within two weeks. Proliferated callus was transferred to MS liquid medium containing 2,4-D with a small concentration of NAA and subcultured at 2 weeks interval. Induction of somatic embryos (globular, heart and torpedo) was observed after 2 weeks of culture. Somatic embryos developed in MS suspension medium containing 1.0 to 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D with 0.1 or 1.0 mg/L NAA and globular embryos were further differentiated into the cotyledonary phase embryos. The addition of amino acids (L-glutamine or L-proline, 5.0 mg/L, respectively) to the culture media, in the range of concentrations tested, yielded higher enhancement of the embryo growth and development. Transfer of individual embryos onto a fresh basal medium with no plant growth regulators was able to achieve complete maturation. Relatively, only a few number of embryos developed shoots and roots when transferred to MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA in addition to 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar containing medium. About 11% of somatic embryos were converted to true-to-type fertile plants.
Highlights
Leaf explants taken or isolated from the aseptic seedling were used as source of explants and cultured on MS medium with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D
The present study indicates that the formation of cotyledonary somatic embryos of G. jamesonii was low, the micropropagation capacity of the shoots derived from somatic embryos was high
Somatic embryogenesis of G. jamesonii was induced from leaf explants derived embryogenic callus in suspension culture
Summary
Known as ‘Barberton Daisy’ or ‘Transvaal Daisy’ is a member of the Asteraceae family, characterized by its rosette shape. Through proper growing techniques, this plant species has successfully be adapted to tropical countries due to the prevalent economic and ecological conditions. Since this plant is a well known ornamental plant with very high commercial and economical values, interest in it has recently heightened in breeding good cut flowers, potted Somatic embryogenesis is originally induced from somatic tissues or vegetative
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