Abstract
Broodstock development, spawning, fertilization, embryonic development, fecundity, “hatching rate and deformation rates” of five species (Amphiprion ocellaris, A. percula, A. melanopus, A. clarkii and A. nigripes) of anemone fish were studied in captive condition. The egg diameter, parental care, fecundity rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, deformation rates and size of eggs were quantified. In addition, the courtship behaviors and parental care of each broodstock were noted. The day wise embryonic developments from 1st day to 8th day were observed under microscope and major morphological and functional features of embryos were documented. The egg size ranged from 2.2 to 3.1 mm in length and width of 1.1 to 1.3 mm. The numbers of spawned eggs were varied between 405 to 810 numbers. Spawning was achieved in every 15 to 20 days of interval in summer and in monsoon it was increased ranging from 20 to 40 days. The clutch diameter ranged from 5.2 to 14. 3 cm in length and width of 4.8 to 11.5 cm. Key words: Anemone fish, embryonic development, fecundity, fertilization, hatching, deformation.
Highlights
Tropical and subtropical countries are exports marine ornamental species for the aquarium trade (Olivotto et al, 2003)
Today, owing to the increasing petition, many studies was carried on ornamental fishes, larval rearing and nutrition have been performed (Avella et al, 2007) and due to their notable colour and some remarkable behavioral features provides the important place in aquarium trade such as symbiotic with sea anemones (Fautin and Allen, 1997), formation of a group consisting monogamous pairs and protandrous hermaphrodites (Ross, 1978)
In the present study provide basic information on day wise embryonic development to enhance captive production of anemone fishes
Summary
Tropical and subtropical countries are exports marine ornamental species for the aquarium trade (Olivotto et al, 2003). Today, owing to the increasing petition, many studies was carried on ornamental fishes, larval rearing and nutrition have been performed (Avella et al, 2007) and due to their notable colour and some remarkable behavioral features provides the important place in aquarium trade such as symbiotic with sea anemones (Fautin and Allen, 1997), formation of a group consisting monogamous pairs and protandrous hermaphrodites (Ross, 1978). Because of their main characteristic features, they won hearts of millions of people such as adaptability, easiness to be fed with artificial diets and their fascinating display behavior (Ignatius et al, 2001).
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