Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) annually cause enormous loss to the producers and their combat has become a worldwide challenge mainly due to several reports of pesticides resistance. Today, one of the best alternatives used in this combat is the application of natural insecticides such as neem oil and pyroligneous acid. This study demonstrates a method to obtain a hexane fraction from sugarcane pyroligneous acid, which can be easily applied, as well as its effectiveness against S. frugiperda. The hexane fraction exhibited LC50 of 2206,41 ppm after 24 h of exposure with a linear dose-response, indicating that the fraction can be used as a bio-insecticide against S. frugiperda. Key words: Wood vinegar, insecticide, Saccharum officinarum, fall armyworm, pyroligneous extract.
Highlights
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous species of tropical and semitropical zones (Sparks, 1979) that causes severe damage to crops (Kamaraj et al, 2008)
An alternative for combating crop pests is the use of natural products such as neem (Correia et al, 2009; Tavares et al, 2010b), plant extracts (Roel et al, 2000; Tavares et al, 2009, 2011, 2013), and pyroligneous acid (Azevedo et al, 2007; Tavares et al, 2010a)
Neonatal nymphs of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) showed 66.59% mortality caused by neem oil (Natuneem®) and 67.45% of deaths caused by pyroligneous acid (Pironat®) (Azevedo et al, 2005)
Summary
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous species of tropical and semitropical zones (Sparks, 1979) that causes severe damage to crops (Kamaraj et al, 2008). An alternative for combating crop pests is the use of natural products such as neem (Correia et al, 2009; Tavares et al, 2010b), plant extracts (Roel et al, 2000; Tavares et al, 2009, 2011, 2013), and pyroligneous acid (Azevedo et al, 2007; Tavares et al, 2010a). The latter one is produced from the condensation of smoke from wood carbonization (Mendonça et al, 2006). The pyroligneous acid, known as wood vinegar, has been demonstrated to have low mammalian toxicity, lack neurotoxicity, have low persistence in the environment, and have high biodegradability (Céspedes et al, 2000)
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