Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of neomycin to suppress the development of economically important plant pathogenic bacteria. The in vitroantibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri, Erwinia carotovorasubsp. carotovora, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Ralstonia solanacearum was evaluated. The minimal inhibitory concentration values for the four strains were 2, 0.5, 0.25 and 2 mg l-1, respectively, and minimal bactericidal concentration values were 4, 2, 0.25 and 8 mg l-1, respectively. Furthermore, this effect of neomycin on the cell morphology of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaewas investigated by transmission electron microscope, and it indicated thatneomycin caused damage to bacteria, resulting in the leakage of cytoplasmic contents. Finally, the effects of neomycin on disease development and spread were determined using potted plants in the greenhouse. In vitro studies indicated that post-infectional spraying with neomycin significantly inhibited the development of citrus bacterial canker caused by X. campestris pv. citri, cabbage soft rot caused by E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, ginger bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum and rice bacterial blight caused by X. oryzae pv.oryzae (80.51, 77.55, 77.54 and 69.07% disease reduction, respectively). Key words: Neomycin, plant pathogenic bacteria, antibacterial activity.
Highlights
A wide range of crops are susceptible to plant diseases caused by bacteria
The minimal inhibitory concentration values for the four strains were 2, 0.5, 0.25 and 2 mg l-1, respectively, and minimal bactericidal concentration values were 4, 2, 0.25 and 8 mg l-1, respectively. This effect of neomycin on the cell morphology of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was investigated by transmission electron microscope, and it indicated that neomycin caused damage to bacteria, resulting in the leakage of cytoplasmic contents
In vitro studies indicated that post-infectional spraying with neomycin significantly inhibited the development of citrus bacterial canker caused by X. campestris pv. citri, cabbage soft rot caused by E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, ginger bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum and rice bacterial blight caused by X. oryzae pv.oryzae (80.51, 77.55, 77.54 and 69.07% disease reduction, respectively)
Summary
A wide range of crops are susceptible to plant diseases caused by bacteria. Bacterial diseases of plants are very difficult to manage and can lead to devastating losses to farmers (Strange and Scott, 2005). The two most commonly used antibiotics against bacterial plant diseases, the resistance is extremely widespread (Rezzonico et al, 2009). They have given rise to an urgent need to develop effective and economic new antibiotics for the management of some of the most devastating bacterial plant diseases. Few new antibiotics are expected to be used in plant agriculture because of high costs of development, regulatory constraints, and environmental and human health concerns. They are being developed and marketed for their efficacy in controlling
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