Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of nested PCR in genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) compared with acid fast staining and culture method. In total 200 urine samples from suspected cases of GUTB were collected during the period of study. Urine pellets were used for smear preparation, culture and DNA extraction by ether-chloroform method. Nested PCR was performed according to standard protocol using primers based on IS6110 gene fragment. The results obtained by PCR were compared with those obtained by standard acid-fast bacilli stain and culture method. Based on obtained results, the positivity rate of urine samples in this study was 5.0% by using culture and PCR methods and 2.5% for acid fast staining. Four out of total samples showed positive results in all three methods (2%). The sensitivity of PCR in this study was estimated as high as culture equal to 100%, while the sensitivity for direct smear staining was 41.6%. In conclusion, the obtained rate of GUTB in our study was 5.0%. Since the detection rate of culture and nested PCR was identical, we could suggest PCR as a rapid alternative to culture especially for confirmed cases of GUTB.
Highlights
The current study is conducted in different parts in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia having high ecological and economic significance
The main uses coincided with the Arab Traditional System of Medicine descriptions, but, additional administrations and preparations were found in the study area
Ethno-veternary knowledge deals with the traditional uses of plants in the indigenous system for the curing of different livestock ailments
Summary
The current study is conducted in different parts in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia having high ecological and economic significance. The vegetation composition of Saudi Arabia reflects the geographical position of the Arabian Peninsula between Africa, Asia and Europe. The flora has many elements of two of the eight global terrestrial realms; namely the Palaearctic (Europe and Asia) and the Afro-tropical (Africa south of the Sahara) as well as a smaller complement of elements from the Indo-Malayan terrestrial realm. It is an area of ecological and academic significance (Ghazanfar, 2007). The general scope of ethno-botany, an area of human ecology, was
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