Abstract
In this study, we investigated the promising potential of Anadenanthera colubrina bark extract (BEAc) as a product to combat diabetes mellitus (DM). We evaluated the inhibitory effects of BEAc on α-glucosidase and the oxidation of biomolecules, as well as its main phytoconstituents. In terms of free radical scavenging, BEAc exhibited a dose-effect relationship. BEAc was more efficient than rutin and butylated hydroxytoluene and similar to ascorbic acid at the same concentrations. Evaluation of the IC50 confirmed the good activity of BEAc compared to positive controls and statistically determined to be equal to ascorbic acid. In in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition studies, BEAc generated 31 times more potent inhibition than acarbose and was dose-dependent at the concentrations tested. Lineweaver-Burk and Michaelis-Menten plots obtained for kinetic analysis showed that BEAc competitively inhibited the α-glucosidase catalyzed reaction. Chemical analysis of BEAc by HPLC revealed that the plant is rich in phenolic compounds and confirmed its capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase. Fourteen compounds were identified by reference to authentic standards: Gallic acid, catechin, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, naringin, vitexin, rutin, isorhamnetin, hesperidin, myricetin, morin, rosmarinic acid, and quercetin. Thus, this study provides the first evidence of the antidiabetic activity of A. colubrina bark and determines its possible modes of action on carbohydrate metabolism via inhibition of α-glucosidase and the control of biomolecule oxidation. These data support the potential use of this plant for the development of promising multi-target therapy products combining postprandial hyperglycemia control and biomolecule oxidation control. Key words: Kinetic analysis, phenolic content, diabetes mellitus, oxidation of biomolecules.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease resulting from the progressive disorder of the production or functioningJ
We investigated the promising potential of Anadenanthera colubrina bark extract (BEAc) as a product to combat diabetes mellitus (DM)
We evaluated the inhibitory effects of BEAc on αglucosidase and the oxidation of biomolecules, as well as its main phytoconstituents
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease resulting from the progressive disorder of the production or functioningJ. The use of inhibitors of these hydrolases is widely accepted as an efficient method to maintain normal blood glucose levels (Ramu et al, 2017); several synthetic αglucosidase inhibitors, such as acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol, are administered to diabetic patients (Banu et al, 2015; Ramu et al, 2017) These inhibitors have some restrictions of use, as they may cause adverse reactions, such as liver disorders, flatulence and abdominal cramps (Liu et al, 2014; Ramu et al, 2017). Many studies with medicinal plants are underway (Kapoor et al, 2017), especially those plants that already have a long history of use, as this favors the development of safe products and is a low-cost option (Soares et al, 2017)
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