Abstract
A highly reproducible and efficient in vitro shoot regeneration system was developed for two banana varieties (FHIA-21 and PITA-3) using shoot tip as explant. Shoot tip was inoculated onto Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962) medium supplemented with cytokinins [benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kin) and 2-isopentenyl (2-iP)] and additives [Adenine sulphate (Ads), spermidine (Spd) and casein hydrolysate (CH)] for shoot multiplication. In all varieties, the maximum number of shoots and shoot length was obtained with 3 and 4 mg/L BAP, respectively. This rate was further enhanced by adding Ads (25 mg/L), CH (25 or 50 mg/L) and Spd (100 or 200 mg/L). In vitro raised shoots were successfully rooted on 1 mg/L 2-iP in combination with 0.5 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Rooting was significantly enhanced by adding casein hydrolysate (25 or 50 mg/L). The well rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized on different substrates (compost, forest soil, sand, forest soil + sawdust from dead tree and sand + sawdust from dead tree). The compost substrate was found to be preferable. Finally, after one month in the greenhouse, the hardened plants were transfered to the field environment for utmost survivability. Key words: Additives, banana, cytokinins, in vitro shoot multiplication, rooting, shoot tip.
Highlights
Bananas and plantains (Musa species) are among the most important fruit crops in the world and are staple food for millions across the globe (FAO, 2010)
Shoot tip was inoculated onto Murashige and Skoog (MS, 1962) medium supplemented with cytokinins [benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kin) and 2isopentenyl (2-iP)] and additives [Adenine sulphate (Ads), spermidine (Spd) and casein hydrolysate (CH)] for shoot multiplication
Similar results were reported by Sanghamitra and Maiti (2011) who stated that inclusion of Ads (25 mg/L) in the culture medium improved the frequency of multiple shoot production in Chlorophytum arundinaceum (Liliales : Liliaceae)
Summary
Bananas and plantains (Musa species) are among the most important fruit crops in the world and are staple food for millions across the globe (FAO, 2010). World total banana and plantain production ranks at the 5th place after cereals and there is still much scope for yield improvement (Jain and Swennen, 2004). Plantains account for about 32% of total Musa production, from mostly Central and West Africa (Lescot, 2008) It represents an essential source of nutrients for millions of people, in tropical and subtropical regions, as well as a cash crop in many developing countries. Banana’s fruit is rich in carbohydrate, vitamins (A, B, and C), and potassium (Aurore et al, 2009)
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