Abstract
Poor and inadequate glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes constitutes a major public health problem and major risk factor for development of diabetes complications. In clinical practice, optimal glycemic control is difficult to obtain because the reasons for poor glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes are complex. This study aims to determine Acute glycemic level and its association with physical activity recommendations adherence among type 2 diabetic patients in Illubabor zone southwest, Ethiopia. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 19 to May 19, 2018. Among 422 diabetic patients attending regular follow up at government health facilities in illuababor zone, southwest Ethiopia, participants were selected using systematic random sampling method.Data were collected using interview administered semi structured questionnaires; FBS was used to determine patient’s glycemic control level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictor’s of diabetic patient’s Acute glycemic control level. In the current, study nearly two third (64.5%) of respondents had poor (inadequate) Acute glycemic control. While 51.8 and 38% of participants were non adherence to dietary and physical activity recommendations respectively. Patients Acute glycemic control was significantly affected by patients occupational status [AOR=0.39 (0.22-0.68)], family history of DM [AOR=0.34 (0.18-0.62)], presence of co-morbidities [AOR= 3.72(1.39-9.94)], and physical activity adherence [AOR=0.46 (0.28-0.75)]. High proportion of diabetic patients had poor Acute glycemic control. Patient’s occupational status, family history of DM, presence of co morbidities, physical activity adherence was an independent predictors of diabetic patient’s Acute glycemic control. Early identification and management of co-morbidities and delivery of focused health information physical activity recommendations should be strengthened. Key words: Adherence, diabetic, glycemic level, Illuababor.  
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damage, dysfunction
All adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were on regular follow up at MKRH and Darimu hospital NCD follow up units were considered as a source population and selected adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were on regular follow up at MKRH and Darimu hospital NCD follow up units were a study populations
This study reported higher dietary and physical activity non adherence, and this could be one of the possible justification for the high proportion of poor glycemic control, on the other hand the result is comparable with a study finding from Gonder (Solomon et al, 2015), the finding is lower than findings from Tikurambesa, Malysiaand India (Ababa et al, 2018; Almutairi et al, 2013; Gopinath et al, 2013) and higher than a finding from northern Ethiopia, Mekelle, which reported 48.7% had poor glycemic control (Tadele et al, 2016), the discrepancy might arise fromin socio-cultural, economic and dietary consumption difference among study populations, in addition the variation might be due different blood glucose measurement modality used
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damage, dysfunction. DM may present with characteristic symptoms such as thirst, polyuria, blurring of vision, and weight loss. In its most severe forms, ketoacidosis or a non-ketotic hyperosmolar state may develop and lead to stupor, coma and, in absence of effective treatment, death (Yigazu and Desse, 2017)
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