Abstract
The potential role of Omega-3 (ω-3) and Omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids on wound healing in chronic diabetic diseases is of interest and controversial. In this experimental study, the effect of topical application of fish and corn oils containing ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids on skin wound healing in chronic diabetic rat has been evaluated. Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7). First group was served as normal or control group. In diabetic groups, one group was non-treated group (shame group) and two groups received fish and corn oil (FO-group and CO-group), respectively. The last diabetic group was treated with both fish and corn oil (FCO-group). Treatment was done from 4 weeks after the induction of diabetes till complete wound healing. All animals were wounded by a 2 cm2 incision in their dorsum. Wound surface area and required time for full healing were measured at various post-operated periods. The histological characteristics were studied by using hematoxilin and eosin (H & E) method. Our results showed that surface area of wound in FCO-group was lesser than that non-treated group at 11th, 15th and 20th post-operative days significantly. Moreover the percentage of the wound healing in FCO-treated and non-treated groups was 98 and 70% at the 20th day, respectively. Histological studies showed that epidermal growth, cellular diffusion, density of collagen in FCO-group approximately were the same as control group. Topical application of fish and corn oil together may result in an acceleration of skin wound healing in chronic diabetic rats. Key words: Fish oil, corn oil, wound healing, chronic diabetes.
Highlights
The incidence of foot amputation in diabetic individuals is increasing in recent years and has been reported as 0.5 to 5 in 1000 diabetic persons (Jeffcoate and Harding, 2003)
Diabetic foot amputation could be reduced by prevention of deficiency in wound healing as a main factor causing foot ulcer (Yue et al, 1986)
Our results showed that wound surface area were the same as at first day in all groups, but the parameter decreased in control group from 3rd day to the end of study significantly so that the differences at the initial days were low and at the end days were high
Summary
The incidence of foot amputation in diabetic individuals is increasing in recent years and has been reported as 0.5 to 5 in 1000 diabetic persons (Jeffcoate and Harding, 2003). Diabetic foot amputation could be reduced by prevention of deficiency in wound healing as a main factor causing foot ulcer (Yue et al, 1986). This deficiency could be as a result of increase in blood sugar and it is followed by consequences, such as dysfunction of white blood cells, thickness of base membrane of capillary cells, decrease of flow blood, hypoxia, etc. Using of endogenous and exogenous bioactive molecules may be one of the suggested ways to control the deficiency. Among different type of dietary fat, fatty acids are such bioactive molecules and using these molecules may be one of the suggested ways to control the deficiency. We used two oils with together in mentioned process and their effects were studied
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