Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the immune status of dogs vaccinated against Canine Parvovirus (CPV) and Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) by a clinic-based immunoblot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a commercially available 120 sample immunocomb® test kit for canine parvo and distemper IgG in Benin City, Nigeria. Out of 120 dogs sampled, 63 (52.5%) were females while 57 (47.5%) were males. 84 (70%) dogs were exotic breeds while 36 (30%) were mongrels. Majority of the dogs (35, 29.17%) were less than one year old and the age range of all dogs sampled was between 9 weeks and 10 years. Analysis of data showed that there was no significant difference (P < 0.05) between sex, breed, age and level of immunity. A non-parametric chi-square contingency analysis of antigens (CPV and CDV) and level of immunity revealed that there was a high significant association (p < 0.001) between CPV and CDV antigens and level of immunity of the vaccinated dogs sampled.
Highlights
Canine distemper is a highly contagious, multi-systemic, and potentially fatal viral disease that was once recognized as the leading cause of death in dogs
The disease is caused by a canine distemper virus (CDV), which is a member of the genus morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family
The data of the 120 dogs examined for 21⁄2 years and results of the immunocomb test performed on the samples collected, summary of results of the test performed and the result of the test association between types of antigens (CPV and CDV) and level of immunity were represented in the data provided
Summary
Canine distemper is a highly contagious, multi-systemic, and potentially fatal viral disease that was once recognized as the leading cause of death in dogs. It affects primarily dogs and several other animals’ species including of recent members of the Felidae family - lions and tigers, both in nature and in captivity (Morell, 1994; Harder et al, 1996; Roelke-Parker et al, 1996). It is an enzootic disease with a wide host range and has been reported in most parts of the world including Nigeria (Abdullahi, 1979). The control of the disease has been throu-gh annual vaccinations in dogs especially in those coun-tries where prophylaxis has only been limited to the reduction of incidence (Appel and Summers, 1999)
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