Abstract
Different studies were done in order to investigate the occurrence of bacterial diseases on different crops grown in Jordan during different growing seasons. Surveys were made and different bacterial diseases have been recorded based on symptoms and pathogenic nature. Morphological characters, biochemical tests and PCR detections were employed in order to detect and identify the causal agents of different inspected plant bacterial diseases. In addition, the distribution of the identified bacterial diseases, throughout the country was recorded. The results of our study revealed the occurrence of different bacterial diseases attacking different crops; grown in many growing regions throughout the country. Some of them were found to have a wide host range such as crown gall and soft rot, while others had a restricted host range as in the case of bacterial speck of tomato which was found to be restricted to tomato and black leg of potato. As a result of this study, the following diseases; angular leaf spot of cucumber, tomato speck, common blight, crown gall, soft rot, black rot, black leg and bacterial cankers resulted in high economic losses in yield. The spread of these diseases in the different areas in Jordan with different environmental conditions may result in the development of new races of the causal agents without developing typical symptoms making their diagnoses under field conditions difficult. Whereas the bacterial diseases needs deep and ideal studies in order to diagnose diseases, the diagnoses of these diseases act as the base for researchers to challenge and withdraw researches into the improvement of novel, more effective and sustainable bacterial disease control strategies. Key words: Bacterial diseases, survey, Jordan.
Highlights
The world’s population is increasing every year and in order to meet their demands, global crop production needs to be increased
The results of our study revealed the occurrence of different bacterial diseases attacking different crops; grown in many growing regions throughout the country
Plant bacterial disease diagnoses are very difficult under unfavorable conditions were typical symptoms do not develop and could be masked with other disease symptoms as in the case of black rot of crucifers caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris; a humid, warm season pathogen while crucifers hosts are winter season crops, typical symptoms will not develop under cold conditions (Mahiar and Khlaif, 2000)
Summary
The world’s population is increasing every year and in order to meet their demands, global crop production needs to be increased. Plant diseases attack all agricultural crops which are considered as the main source for human food and clothing all over the world and considered among the main factors that drastically affect its production, resulting in economic losses either in the field or in storage by decreasing crop production in quality and quantity. Different bacterial diseases have been reported to attack many agricultural crops around the world, leading to high economic losses in yield under. Plant bacterial disease diagnoses are very difficult under unfavorable conditions were typical symptoms do not develop and could be masked with other disease symptoms as in the case of black rot of crucifers caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris; a humid, warm season pathogen while crucifers hosts are winter season crops, typical symptoms will not develop under cold conditions (Mahiar and Khlaif, 2000)
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