Abstract
This study was focused on studying the genetic diversity among pasture grass cultivars using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers to determine their genetic background. Six grass cultivars were used in this study: two perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars (Aries and Quartet), two endophyte-free tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars (Fawn and K5666v) and two orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars (Tekapo and Niva). Analysis of the 15 selected ISSR primers among the six grass cultivars generated 77 bands, 66 (85.7%) of which were polymorphic. The two perennial ryegrasses cultivars (Aries and Quartet) were distinguished by a 600-bp amplification fragment produced by primer UBC807. The 500-bp amplification fragment was produced by primer UBC825, which was distinguished in Niva, but absent in Tekapo- orchard grass. Furthermore, Fawn-tall fescue was distinguished by a 400-bp amplification fragment produced by primer UBC825. The minimum genetic similarity (GS) value was obtained between the two orchard grass cultivars (Niva and Tekapo), while the maximum GS value was obtained between the two perennial ryegrasses cultivars (Aries and Quartet). Key words: Genetic variation, inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) marker, pasture grass.
Highlights
Perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass and tall fescue are cool season plants (C3 plants), which have an optimum growing temperature of 18 to 24°C (Rohweder and Albrecht, 1995)
Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) have become widely used in many plant species and have a potential to contribute in breeding, genetics and systematics (Posselt et al, 2006)
Studies have indicated that ISSRs produce more reliable and reproducible bands when compared with random amplification of polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) because of the higher annealing temperature and longer sequence of ISSR primers (Nagaoka and Ogihara, 1997; Qian et al, 2001)
Summary
Orchardgrass and tall fescue are cool season plants (C3 plants), which have an optimum growing temperature of 18 to 24°C (Rohweder and Albrecht, 1995). One of the most efficient molecular marker methods, in terms of ability to produce polymorphic markers within a comparatively short time and with a limited budget is inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) profiling for total genomic DNA. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) have become widely used in many plant species and have a potential to contribute in breeding, genetics and systematics (Posselt et al, 2006).
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