Abstract
The Argan tree (Argania spinosa) is a drought-tolerant, and forest species observed in arid and semi-arid zone in Algeria, has specific ecological characteristics and many interests (forest, field, and fruit). The natural reproduction of the tree has become difficult; we have assessed the propagation method by seedlings. In our experiments, we used two seed sources collected from Tindouf and Mostaganem. Based on the results of the regeneration of the Argan tree seedlings from the laboratory, we report that soaking of seed for at least four days will certainly contribute to the success of germination. Sterilization prevents microbial contamination and improves germination. According to the results, the germination tests revealed a very high rate of germination (95%) for seeds pre-soaked in water for 96 and 120 h at 25 and 30°C. The analysis of morphological characteristics of plants under greenhouse showed that there was growth in the root system of the argan seedlings and the aerial part improved quantitatively and qualitatively. Seedlings that acclimatized are two years and above, and had a well developed and lignified air device with a large leaf, which promotes their growth. The success rate for seedlings of 12 months was very low. Key words: Argan tree, domestication, germination, pre-soaked, acclimatization, seedlings.
Highlights
In south Algeria (Tindouf), forest based on the endemic argan tree
We practice several treatments before sowing seeds at different temperatures to find the batches of seeds, germination begins at the third day of planting at a rate of 15% for seeds of Mostaganem and
Germination increased to 95% for seeds of Mostaganem and 90% for those of Tindouf at day 18 (Figure 11)
Summary
In south Algeria (Tindouf), forest based on the endemic argan tree Skeels), Propagation by seeds is the most common method used to reproduce the argan forest species. All the reforestation projects of argan in Algeria adopt this method. The most successful example of this is the Mostaganem project in coastline, which began to bear fruit after six years, and all nurseries in Tindouf which aim to rehabilitate the argan tree. The sustainability of this agroforestry system is threatened by over-exploitation and overgrazing in Tindouf (Touaref bouaama, Targanat and Markala) by the local population and the nomads of the Polisario.
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