Abstract
Two different azo dyes known as acid fast red (AFR) and Congo red (CR) were examined for their decolorization by five strains of actinomycetes (Streptomyces globosus, Streptomyces alanosinicus, Streptomyces ruber, Streptomyces gancidicus, and Nocardiopsis aegyptia) under shake and static conditions. Streptomyces globosus decolorized AFR by 81.6% under static condition while 70.2% dye removal was achieved under shake conditions. Application of Plackett-Burman statistical design revealed that the main factors that affected biosorption capacity were the starch concentration and the inoculum size. Under static conditions, increasing the inoculum size and decreasing starch concentration increased the biosorption % up to 1.14 fold with time reduction, while increasing both the inoculum size and starch concentration under shake conditions increased the biosorption % up to 1.09 fold only. A trial for the use of potato peel for more economic biomass production of S. globous was carried out and (2 g/50 ml) and dried potato peel had the optimum concentration for maximum biomass production (0.3 g/50 ml) which led to considerable biosorption capacity (89.4%). Electron microscopy studies confirmed the dye removal.
Highlights
Azo dyes are widely used in industries, such as textiles, paper, plastics and leather, industries, etc, for the coloration of products
Acid fast red and Congo red were screened for their biosorption % by five actinomycetes strains under static and shake conditions
The results achieved from the several combinations matrix of Plackett-Burman design (Table 3) revealed that, biosorption % under static conditions was higher than that obtained under shake conditions
Summary
Azo dyes are widely used in industries, such as textiles, paper, plastics and leather, industries, etc, for the coloration of products. The effluents emanating from these industries often contain high concentrations of dye wastes. The release of colored wastewaters represents a serious environmental problem and a public health concern (Dos Santos et al, 2007; El Ahwany, 2008). Dyes are generally believed to be toxic and carcinogenic or prepared from other known carcinogens. The discharge of these dye stuffs from industries into rivers and lakes results in a reduced dissolved oxygen concentration causing anoxic conditions, which subsequently affect aerobic organisms (Chander and Arora, 2007; Vijayaraghavan and Yun , 2008).
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