Abstract
In the present study, in vitro bioassay screening of total methanolic extracts of two Juniperus species (Juniperus horizontalis Moench. and Juniperus communis L.) cultivated in Egypt for schistosomicidal and molluscicidal activities was carried out. Schistosoma mansoni Sambon worms and Biomphalaria alexandrina (Ehrenberg) snails were used. The screening results showed that both tested extracts had almost similar schistosomicidal activity (LC50 ≈ 91 µg/ml, in 3 days) while J. communis extract possess more potent molluscicidal activity than J. horizontalis (LC50 = 22.9 and 38.9 ppm, after one day, respectively). Analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation of the aerial parts of the two Junipers species was done by GC/MS. Sixty seven (94.32%) components were identified in J. communis oil with homogeraniol (36.95%) being the major constituent, while sixty (95.39%) components were identified in J. horizontalis oil with the main component, bronyl acetate representing 41.17%. Key words: Essential oils, Juniperus, molluscicidal, schistosomicidal.
Highlights
The Cupressaceae or Cypress family is a conifer family of cosmopolitan distribution
The distillate was allowed to cool at room temperature, volatile oil was allowed to separate from water and each essential oil sample was weighed on analytical scale (1.5 ml (0.75% v/w) from J. horizontalis and 1.7 ml (0.85 % v/w) from J. communis)
The chemical composition of the oils of the two Juniperus species under investigation analyzed by GC/MS (Table 2) showed a total of 60 compounds for J. horizontalis oil and 67 components for J. communis oil
Summary
The Cupressaceae or Cypress family is a conifer family of cosmopolitan distribution. The family includes about 70 genera (17 monotypic) with about 130-142 species. Several biological activities has been tested for both species under investigation such as hepatoprotective (Manvi et al, 2010), anti-inflammatory (Tunon et al, 1995), analgesic (Banerjee et al, 2012), antibacterial (Sati et al, 2010; Eryiğit et al, 2014), antihypercholesterolemic (Akdogan et al, 2012), antioxidant Stoilova et al, 2014) and antimalarial (Milhau et al, 1997).
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