Abstract
This study was conducted in Conkouati-Douli National Park (CDNP) to analyze the effect of CDNP construction on local residents’ livelihoods and income. A survey of questionnaires of 100 households was carried in four villages: Tandou-Ngoma, Nzambi, Ngoumbi and Mpela. Focused groups discussions, field observations and secondary data from different sources were used to collect information. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 19), Excel and simple descriptive statistics. Local communities livelihoods were assessed using the sustainable livelihood framework; the households’ average monthly income at the village scale was also calculated. The results showed that before the establishment of the CDNP, 45,18,16,10 and 4% of households depend on crop farming, fishing, hunting, trading and formal-employment respectively, while 7% of households were unemployed. After the establishment of the CDNP, 33, 19, 14, 5 and 1% of households depend on fishing, trading, agriculture, formal-employment and hunting respectively, while 19% of households were unemployed. The households’ average monthly income before and after the establishment of the CDNP was 227.81 USD and 104.97 USD, respectively, with a change rate of -53.69%. The findings also revealed that incomes were distributed unequally over all households and estimated to be 54.61%; this corresponds to a Gini coefficient of 0.54. Key words: National Park, Conkouati-Douli, livelihoods, households’ incomes, human-wildlife conflicts.
Highlights
A natural reserve is a protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest that is reserved and managed for conservation
3) Training community members on Human-Wildlife Conflicts (HWC) and Animal Control Strategies by non-governmental organizations and Parks Authority. Some of these methods have been observed and recorded as being used in different countries (Boukoulou et al, 2012; Barua et al, 2013; Redpath et al, 2015). This particular study aimed to assess the livelihoods of communities living in and around and their local expansions on the construction of the Conkouati-Douli National Park
It assessed the impact on household monthly incomes before and after the establishment of the National Park of Conkouati-Douli
Summary
A natural reserve is a protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest that is reserved and managed for conservation. It provides special opportunities for study or research. 209.429 protected areas today, covering a total area of 32,868,673 km2 - an area larger than the African continent. About 65% of the world's protected area network sites are located in the European region. These sites represent only about 12% of the total area covered by protected areas.
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