Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious concern in developing countries due to precarious hygiene conditions, inappropriate prescription as well as self-medication and free sale of antibiotics. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of strains producing extended-spectrum beta- lactamase in the Gram negative bacteria isolated in the laboratory. The study was conducted in the Charles De Gaulle Paediatric University Hospital (Ouagadougou) and the Arnaud de Villeneuve Regional University Hospital (Montpellier). Out of the 889 pathological substances (pus, urine and blood) analysed, 175 germs were isolated among which 110 were Gram negative bacteria (62.8%). 48.2% of the Gram negative bacteria were positive to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Among the 110 Gram negative bacteria isolated, 101 were Enterobacteria and 9 other Gram negative bacteria. No extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was found in the other Gram negative bacteria and 52.5% of Enterobacteria were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase positive. As for the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype, 60.4% were Escherichia coli and 32% were Klebsiella pneumoniae. 50.9% of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase came from pus and 41.5% from urine. In addition, 64.6% of hospitalised patients had an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype compared to 24.5% for out-patients. The results show the importance of the phenomenon and should help to better take care of this scourge because antibiotics despite everything, always save millions of lives. Key words: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), enterobacteria, gram-negative bacilli, inpatients, out-patients.
Highlights
As a global concern, bacterial resistance to antibiotics is becoming a serious worry in developing countries due to precarious hygiene conditions, inappropriate prescription as well as self-medication and free sale of antibiotics
Most extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) were found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, both representing 92.4% cases equivalent to 60.4 and 32% cases respectively followed by Enterobacter sp. with5.7% cases
Among the germs that do not have the ESBL phenotype, we found other resistance phenotypes to bêta-lactams whose impact on the bacterial resistance is not negligible
Summary
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is becoming a serious worry in developing countries due to precarious hygiene conditions, inappropriate prescription as well as self-medication and free sale of antibiotics. The secretion of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), a common mechanism of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, is becoming a threat to public health. The ESBL bacteria are more and more resistant to all beta-lactams (except cephamycins and Carbapenems). The plasmids supports have bigger size and have genes resistant to other antibiotics causing Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria emergence (Boyd et al, 2004). The extended surveillance and the particular care provided to ESBL carriers have reduced the antimicrobial resistance; in under-developed countries, the unlimited accessibility to beta-lactams and the abusive use of those molecules contribute to expand the antibiotics resistance phenomenon (Livermore, 1995; Sangare et al, 2015; Storberg, 2014). In Burkina, this phenomenon is marked in recent years with the free dispensing of ceftriaxone generic drug. From 15% in 2007 (Ouedraogo et al, 2011), the drug resistance went to 33% in 2013 (Ouedraogo et al, 2016)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
