Abstract
The soybean cultivation along the years has required big investments and high technological level to develop new and more productive cultivars. However, the advent of biotic stress, such as diseases, can lead to losses in yield. To attenuate this interference and obtain the expected yield, chemical products have been used to control these diseases. This technique has shown good efficiency in short-term, but can damage the environment and promote the appearance of resistant biotypes in the long-term. So, alternative methods of diseases control, such as pyroligneous extract and the fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus have been used in soybean and other cultures to control diseases without the prior negative aspects of chemical products. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible interferences of these treatments in the agronomic performance of soybean culture. The experiment was conducted in the 2012/2013 harvest, submitting two soybean cultivars to pyroligneous aqueous extract in the 0.6 and 1.3% concentrations and the fungus P. sanguineus extract in the 2.5 and 5% concentrations, thus comparing their results with a positive control and water control treatment. The results showed that the 2.5% fungus concentration statistically reduced the yield of the Turbo RR® BMX cultivar and the 5% fungus concentration reduced the grain mass of Vmax RR® NK 7059. The pyroligneous extracts reduced the number of pods of the Turbo RR® BMX cultivar and the height of Vmax RR® NK 7059, but did not affect the yield. In either cultivar, the plant growth regulator obtained the best results for all characteristics. Key words: pyroligneous, Pycnoporus sanguineus, plant growth regulator.
Highlights
Alternative methods of diseases control, such as pyroligneous extract and the fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus have been used in soybean and other cultures to control diseases without the prior negative aspects of chemical products
The results showed that the 2.5% fungus concentration statistically reduced the yield of the Turbo RR® BMX cultivar and the 5% fungus concentration reduced the grain mass of Vmax RR® NK 7059
The high technological level employed in the soybean cultivation system requires big investments, which are offset by an increasing yield
Summary
The high technological level employed in the soybean cultivation system requires big investments, which are offset by an increasing yield. Any factor that limits gains in production must be attenuated, aiming to ensure a good yield and, good profits. In this scenario, among the factors that most limit the soybean production are diseases. Among the factors that most limit the soybean production are diseases Most of these problems are caused by fungus, bacteria, nematodes and virus, and they have already been reported in Brazil (Yorinori, 1986)
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