Abstract
This study seeks to assess the bacteriological, physicochemical and some trace metals levels in water samples from seven boreholes and a hand-dug well within communities of Golden Star Wassa Mine Limited in Ghana. Five of the sampling sites were slightly acidic and were below the lower limit of the acceptable World Health Organization (WHO) and Ghana Standard Authority (GSA) permissible guidelines for pH. However, sampling from Kubekro well BH04, Akyempim BH07 and at New Akosombo BH06 reported pH mean of 6.9±0.352, 6.7±0.696 and 6.6±0.283, respectively. Well BH02 and that of BH06, respectively reported True Colour mean values of 36.5±6.097 and 17.4±1.930 true colour units (TCU) which were above the WHO/GSA permissible value of 15 TCU. Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, and total hardness were below their respective WHO/GSA permissible limits in the sampling sites with 100% compliance. Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Cu, and Fe recorded a marginal degree of non-compliance with their respective WHO/GSA guideline values of 0.01 mg/L for Pb, 3.0 mg/L for Zn, 0.01 mg/L for As, 0.006 mg/L for Hg and 0.3 mg/L for Fe in all the sampling sites except Cu. All the boreholes indicated a non-detectable microbial load (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) except the hand-dug well at Kubekro Well (BH02) which showed some amount of total coliform bacteria load of 6±6.594 coliforms forming unit (CFU). The mechanised borehole groundwater sources within the study area, except the well at BH02 is good for drinking, and hence have not been adversely impacted by mining operations baring the continuous impoundment of the gold processing tails or slurry. Key words: Groundwater, physicochemical, microbial and trace metal parameters, sampling sites.
Highlights
Potable and adequate water supply services are a prerequisite for public health and water-quality index is one of the most effective tools used in passing information on the quality of water to the concerned citizens and policy makers (Atulegwu and Njoku, 2004)
The results showed that total dissolved solids (TDS) mean value ranged from 73.6±29.366 mg/L at BH07 to 454.0±77.876 mg/L at BH06
Even though a healthbased value has not been proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), a TDS above 1000 mg/L may be objectionable to consumers (Amoako et al, 2011)
Summary
Potable and adequate water supply services are a prerequisite for public health and water-quality index is one of the most effective tools used in passing information on the quality of water to the concerned citizens and policy makers (Atulegwu and Njoku, 2004). Many mining companies recognize this as a critical commodity, but water use, which depends on the needs, the area, quantity and availability, has immense implication for the community. Shah et al (2008) have compared groundwater quality in Gandhinagar Taluka in India with standard values given by World Health Organization (WHO, 2011) and have come up with a water-quality index for that area. Good quality of water resources depends on a large number of physico-chemical parameters and biological characteristics (Medudhula, 2012)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
