Abstract
Clerodendrum is widely distributed plant in India and its medicinal use has been mentioned in traditional Indian systems. In the present study six species of Clerodendrum (C. inerme, C. peniculatum, C. philippinum, C. phlomidis, C. serratum and C. villosum) were screened for the presence of phytochemicals and were found positive for Glycosides, Terpeniods, Anthraquinones, Flavonoids, Saponins, Tannins, Lignin, Phenol and Alkaloids. All the species showed Antioxidant potential for all the Antioxidant Assays tested (DPPH Assay, Reducing Power Assay and Total Antioxidant Activity). For DPPH assay maximum antioxidant activity was seen for C. inerme, and C. serratum showed maximum activity in Reducing Power Assay and Total Antioxidant Activity. The plant species were also analyzed to check for their Antibacterial Activity. Among the solvents (Chloroform, Ethanol, Methanol, Iso-amyl Alcohol and Propanol) used for extrac- tion, the Iso-amyl Alcohol extract was found to be most active compared to other solvent extracts. B. subtilis and S. aureus were most sensitive among the tested pathogens. Proteus sp exhibited sensitivity towards most of the plant sp and for almost all solvent extracts. These findings can be used as prerequisite for Clerodendrum plant screening for bioactive compound for medicinal purposes. Genomic DNA was extracted from the fresh leaves of selected cultivars and PCR was performed by using RAPD primers to check the genetic di- versity among these species. From the PCR generated fingerprint, dendrogram was plotted by cluster analysis of similarity matrix. Den- drogram constructed by cluster analysis of RAPD markers showed that C. inerme and C. serratum are closely related. As very little work has been done on molecular characterization of Clerodendrum sp. by RAPD technique, our finding can be used as prerequisite for plant breeding activities as well as for conservation of genetic resources.
Highlights
Many plants are found to contain chemical compounds, which are used as natural medicines to treat common bacterial infections
Until now very little work has been done on molecular characterization of Clerodendrum sp. by RAPD technique, the purpose of this study is to find out phytochemical content of Clerodendrum sp. and molecular characterization of these species by RAPD technique
Plant samples such as C. inerme, C. peniculatum, C. philippinum, C. phlomidis, C. serratum and C. villosum were collected from University of Agriculture, Bangalore, India
Summary
Many plants are found to contain chemical compounds, which are used as natural medicines to treat common bacterial infections. These medicinal plants have been regularly used in various system of Indian medicine because of minimal side effect and cost effectiveness which provide scientific support to the therapeutic use of the plants in tribal medicine [1]. Many species of the genus have been documented in traditional systems of medicine practiced in countries like India, China, Korea, Thailand and Japan [2]. A number of species from the genus Clerodendrum are documented in ancient texts for their antimicrobial action. Clerodendrum species showed antifungal activity and exhibited antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens [3,4]. Methanolic fraction of C. inerme is effective against S. faecalis and B
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