Abstract
The current study was to investigate the positive protective effects of phytosphingosine (PS) against mite antigen and Staphylococcus aureus , etiological causes of an atopic dermatitis. To achieve this aim, PS was isolated from starfish, Asterina pectinifera , using high-performance liquid chromatography and was elucidated with nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. In the present experiment, PS, which ranged from 1 to 5 µM could protect the HaCaT cell against injuries caused by stimulation to 10 µg/ml mite antigen for 1 h, followed by incubation with serum-free medium for 24 h, which resembled the excitotoxin in vivo system. Furthermore, PS which was isolated from starfish could significantly inhibit the growth of S. aureus . In conclusion, this study demonstrated the protective effect of PS on excitotoxic damage against mite antigen and S. aureus through suppressing the excessive disruption of differentiation and exhibiting antibacterial capacity. This result implicated that the application of PS isolated from starfish might be a promising therapeutic option of atopic dermatitis.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is known as an eczematous skin lesion which is caused by a complex interaction between environmental, genetic, immunological and biochemical factors with skin
It is not possible to confirm which one is the primary initiator of AD, but most researchers have consistently noted the existence of a defective epidermal barrier (Ogawa and Yoshiike, 1993) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in AD (Akiyama et al, 1996)
Mite antigens have been reported to play an important role in the onset of AD (Furukawa et al, 2004), little is known about the mechanism by which mite antigens trigger AD
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is known as an eczematous skin lesion which is caused by a complex interaction between environmental, genetic, immunological and biochemical factors with skin. It is not possible to confirm which one is the primary initiator of AD, but most researchers have consistently noted the existence of a defective epidermal barrier (Ogawa and Yoshiike, 1993) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in AD (Akiyama et al, 1996). Phytosphingosine (PS) covalently binds to the corneocyte envelope and plays a crucial role in permeability barrier function. Little was known about the protective effects of PS against mite antigen-induced AD. Mite antigens have been reported to play an important role in the onset of AD (Furukawa et al, 2004), little is known about the mechanism by which mite antigens trigger AD. The mite antigen was used as a causative agent of AD in HaCaT cells
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