Abstract
Citation, as a central and integral issue in academic writing, has been the focus of many recent scholarly articles to highlight the significant role of this discursive practice in the realm of research article writing. Nonetheless, most of the previous studies, with notable exceptions, examined disciplinary influences on citation practices independently of ethnolinguistic influences, and vice versa. The present study investigates the doubly contrastive language-discipline perspective on the one hand and draws a distinction between disciplinary cultures and national cultures on the other. A corpus of 240 research articles sampled from leading Persian and English language medium journals of applied linguistics and psychology as representatives of soft sciences, and computer engineering and mechanical engineering as representatives of hard sciences, was examined drawing on Coffin’s (2009) integrative analytic framework. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the several aspects of citation features of Bakhtinian dialogism demonstrated some cross-disciplinary and cross-linguistic similarities and differences. Pedagogical implications derived from these findings are discussed. Keywords: Citations; Persian and English Academic writing; writer stance; author integration; textual integration
Highlights
Citation can be considered a central issue in academic writing
Soft science is used as an umbrella term for applied linguistics and psychology to clarify the fuzziness that normally arises for their classification as they are on the crossroad of social science and humanities (Flottum et al 2006)
To test if there were cross-linguistics and cross-disciplinary differences in citation density, citations were aggregated in each research article, and the resultant normalized frequencies and percentage were analyzed in each discipline
Summary
The ability to make appropriate references to the existing literature is fundamental to successful academic writing (Hyland 2000). An appropriate use of citation is of great significance since it provides credibility for one‟s own position and work (Hyland 2000). Different approaches and methods are implemented in these different fields, all researchers need to know how to cite the prior publications or authors in their work. This is because researchers tend to both acknowledge the works of others and promote their own knowledge claims or their own credibility in research (Jalilifar & Dabbi 2012)
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