Abstract
Inhibitory activities of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of the root, stem bark, and leaf of Morinda lucida on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, and Salmonella typhorium was investigated in vitro. In vitro experiment was carried out using the agar well diffusion and disc diffusion methods with Gram-negative enterobacteria. M. lucida extracts were more active against all the tested bacteria than the standard antibiotics, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin even at the same concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml. The results of this study show that the extracts of M. lucida has the potentials of inhibiting the growth of E. coli and Salmonella species, thereby suggesting its potency in the treatment of infections in which E. coli and Salmonella species are implicated. Key words: Gram-negative, inhibitory activity, Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, enterobacteria, infections, antibiotics.
Highlights
In the world, mostly in the rural areas of the developing countries, people depend on local medicinal plant as remedy for their diseases and illness probably either because of the absence of modernized functional health facilities or because of ancestral and traditional beliefs
The results of this study show that the extracts of M. lucida has the potentials of inhibiting the growth of E. coli and Salmonella species, thereby suggesting its potency in the treatment of infections in which E. coli and Salmonella species are implicated
The effects of both aqueous and ethanolic crude extacts of stem barks, roots and leaves of Morinda lucida, and standard antibiotics on test bacterial are presented in Tables 1 to 8
Summary
Mostly in the rural areas of the developing countries, people depend on local medicinal plant as remedy for their diseases and illness probably either because of the absence of modernized functional health facilities or because of ancestral and traditional beliefs. Barks or leaves of Newbolbea leavis are used in the treatment of dysentery, syphilis, ear ache, ringworm and scrotal elephantiasis (Azoro, 2002.) Morinda lucida known as Oruwo in the South-Western part of Nigeria is a medium sized tree with a crooked hole and rather short twisted branches Discovering and identifying new safe drugs without severe side effects has become an important goal of research in biomedical science It is in this context that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of stem bark, leaves and roots of M. lucida were screened for possible anti-typhoid effect in vitro in comparison with known standard antimicrobial or anti-typhoid agents
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