English

Abstract

АBSTRACT: General composition of seeds isolated from four Bulgarian grape varieties and their changes during growing was studied. The total content of the main compounds in the seeds was: glyceride oil: 11.6-16.5%; proteins:6.3-8.9%, carbohydrates:65.5-70.9%, ash:2.1-2.8%. The water soluble saccharides were found to be 3.66.3%. The ratio of mono-, di- and trisaccharides was 13.5-19.4%, 70.2-73.8% and 7.1-16.3% respectively. In monosaccharide fraction the main components were fructose (16.2-33.9%), glucose (38.2-44.4%) and galactose (17.6-39.2%). Xylose, rhamnose and arabinose were detected too. In the disaccharide fraction predominated iso-maltose (82.1-91.5%), followed by saccharose and maltose.The changes of the content and composition of soluble carbohydrates in grape seeds during growing were also examined.The content of saccharides decreased relatively from 6.9% in the first to 5.1% in the third stage. The percentage of trisaccharidesrised from 7.1% to 16.3% at the expense of the decrease of the quantity of monosaccharides from19.4% to 13.5% and of the disaccharides from 73.5% to 70.2%. The content of fructose increased from 23.7% to 33.9% at the expense the galactose level which dropped from 32.7% to 17.6%. The increase of the content isomaltosefrom 55.9% to82.1% at the expense of all other disaccharides was detectedin the disaccharide fraction.