Abstract
The use of native forests for the purpose of agricultural and livestock occupation have caused the degradation of native ecosystems of caatinga and cerrado. The negative impact of these activities can be minimized with the revegetation of degraded areas. With that comes the need to produce seedlings of native forest species of quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate how the addition of bagana of carnauba, compost, and cattle manure to Quartzarenic Neosol soil affects the percentage and rate of emergence, growth, and macronutrient contents of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart (Jatoba) seedlings. The treatments consisted of the following proportions (v/v) of bagana of carnauba, compost, and cattle manure to the soil: 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, and 100:0, being in a factorial (3:6), with 10 replications, and standard chemical fertilizers were used as the control. The addition of bagana of carnauba increased height, ratio of height to diameter, aerial part dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, ratio of aerial part height to aerial part dry weight, and Dickson quality index of H. stigonocarpa seedlings, in the estimated proportion of 48:52 (bagana of carnauba: soil), which is the most suitable substrate composition for the cultivation of this species. The substrate containing compost enabled a greater accumulation of N, P, and Ca in the shoots of the jatoba seedlings, due to increased availability of these nutrients in the substrate containing organic compost. Key words: Bagana of carnauba, compost organic, cattle manure, macronutrients.
Highlights
The disorderly exploitation of native forests in Brazil for agriculture and livestock farming has caused disturbances in the ecosystems of Cerrado and Caatinga
On the basis of emergence rate index (ERI), it was observed that there was an interaction between the sources of organic waste and the proportions of soil wherein the estimated highest was obtained in the organic compound at a ratio of 40:60, with a quadratic response (Figure 1)
They obtained an ERI of 0.89, which was equivalent to the substrates with a higher index
Summary
To reduce the negative impact of these activities, Filho et al 2545 introduction of strategies such as the recovery of degraded areas have been emphasized. In this context, the demand for seedlings of native tree species to restore the degraded areas has increased (Saidellis et al, 2009), mainly in the state of Piauí. A significant increase in agricultural activities in Cerrado has been observed in recent years, with intensive substitution of native vegetation by cultivated crops, mainly Glycine max and Zea mays. The use of substrates made from wastes of animal and/or plant origin has become an alternative for increasing the nutrient content; they have the advantages of low cost and easy acquisition. Addition of organic matter sources contributes to the supply of nutrients and to the physical characteristics of substrates, mainly to increase the water-holding capacity of soil (Caldeira et al, 2008)
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