Abstract
The objective of this work is to characterize the quality of drinking water in the city of Mao and its surroundings. This study is based on 20 water samples collected in the city of Mao and its surroundings between 2018 and 2020. The parameters considered are the physicochemical parameters (pH, T°, Electrical conductivity), major chemistry and bacteriological. The chemical analysis made it possible to highlight three types of chemical water facies: chlorinated and sulphated calcium and magnesium facies; a calcium and magnesian bicarbonate facies; and finally a sodium and potassium chloride or sodium sulphate facies. The results of the physico-chemical analysis are for the most part below the drinking water standard defined by the WHO/Chad except the boreholes of “Fezan, the Eglise Cath, and Djougou N” which have concentrations of nitrates above the standard set by WHO/Chad. Indicators of bacteriological pollution were identified in seven boreholes (“Bozonga1, Hydraulique, Lycée A. Zezerty, Hopital, Governorat, Ecole N Inst, STE (Société Tchadienne des Eaux)”). Key words: Assessment, Chad, Mao, Quaternaire aquifer, physico-chemical and bacteriology.
Highlights
Water is the major constituent of living matter (Harvey, 1950; Galiani et al, 2005; Molden, 2013)
The objective of this study is to provide knowledge on the state of play of the hydrochemical and bacteriological parameters of drinking water in the city of Mao and its surroundings to help decision-makers in their approach
The conductivity oscillates between 78 and 501 μS/cm with an average of 246 μS/cm (Figure 3a). This conductivity is moderate according to PIR (2016)
Summary
Water is the major constituent of living matter (Harvey, 1950; Galiani et al, 2005; Molden, 2013). Its availability and its quality is becoming a major concern of populations around the world It is a precious and very indispensable resource for living beings. Developing countries are the most affected by the problem of the quantity of water supplies and by the quality of the water itself (Jiménez, 2006). In these countries the adequate structures for the prevention of water quality are insufficient, limited only to large cities(Tantawiwat et al, 2005; Gonzales, 2008)
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