Abstract
Probiotic bacteria are used for the protection and improvement of human intestinal microflora with added health effects. In search of new probiotics, 61 lactobacilli isolates were screened for survival in acidic conditions and simulated gastrointestinal juices, tolerance to ox-gall and antimicrobial activity. Selected strains (NWS09, NWS11, NWS14, NWS19 and NWS29) were identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer region, and further characterized by the absence of transferable antibiotic resistance, adhesion to Caco-2 cells and survival in gastrointestinal tract of BALB/c gnotobiotic. NWS09 had transferable resistance to erythromycin conferred byerm(B) gene, while NWS14 was resistant to tetracycline. NWS29, identified asLactobacillus fermentum showed remarkable tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal juices and bile and highest antimicrobial activity against 5 food borne pathogens by producing heat (100°C) and pH resistant bacteriocins. L. fermentum NWS29 was also found to be highly adhesive to human caco-2 cells in vitro as compared to NWS11 and NWS19 and was isolated in highest numbers from BALB/c gnotobiotic after 24, 48 and 72 h of orogastric inoculation. L. fermentum NWS29 was identified as a probiotic strain that can be incorporated in functional foods for human use. Key words: Probiotic, Lactobacillus, acid and bile resistance, antimicrobial activity, Caco-2 cells.
Highlights
Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host (FAO/WHO, 2002)
Probiotic bacteria are used for the protection and improvement of human intestinal microflora with added health effects
L. fermentum NWS29 was identified as a probiotic strain that can be incorporated in functional foods for human use
Summary
Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host (FAO/WHO, 2002). The major organisms used as probiotics belong to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and other strains have been used. There has been a growing interest in using lactobacilli isolated both from naturally fermented products and humans for health benefits (Lim and Im, 2009). It has been preferred and proposed to use probiotics from human origin. Probiotic bacteria must have the ability to survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract by overcoming physical and chemical barriers, especially acid and bile stresses (Del Piano et al, 2006; Mattila-Sandholm et al, 2002), adherence to intestinal epithelial cells
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